Just a nitpick. Don't know if anyone's mentioned this. It'd be Roma Australia. Not Roma Australis. Roma is feminine. Austral- has to be feminine as well. -is, is masculine. -ia, is feminine. I don't imagine that the Romans who named their town would screw up their own language. Thus, Australia not Australis.
Hesperia [2nd try]
- Thread starter DuQuense
- Start date
Walter_Kaufmann said:
Hmmm. "Australis" may be right, at least according to the syntax tools at Perseus, which give -is as the correct form for both masc and fem nominiative. See http://perseus.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/cgi-bin/morphindex?lookup=australis&lang=la&formentry=1
Walter_Kaufmann said:
Just went & consulted my Latin grammar.It says i-declension adjectives ending on -is do not change in the feminine genus.
nobilis vir, nobilis femina, nobile genus.
So 'Roma Australis' seems OK grammatically speaking, though I still have issues with the 'Roma' bit.
Now, as to the Romans not screwing up their own language - ever read some of those provincial inscriptions? I mean, we may think the state of grammar, orthography and style in our own time is deplorable, but imperial Rome reached new heights of idiosyncrasy when it came to spelling
HESPERIA ; Part Seven- Recap
HESPERIA ; Part Seven- Recap
In 430 A.D. when contact was first lost, Hesperia consisted of a strip of land some 350 Roman Miles [1728 standard strides, 2.5 ft /stride] by 30~50 miles wide. Reaching 300 m north & 150 m south of Roma Australis. [cape Timiris--cape Vert (Dakar)]. By 460 exploring parties discovered the Gambia river, followed ten years later by a Settlement at it's mouth. By 520 The Great Coastal Road reached to this Settlement, And it looked like Hesperia was Set to rapidly expand on southward. Also in 520 Trading Parties moving up the Senagal made contact with the Dogon Tribe, which was moving westward ahead of the new Kingdom of Ghana.
By 535 With the growing contacts between the two, the Dogon appeared to be poised to be the middle men between the Growing Republic of Hesperia, and the Kingdom of Ghana. Unfortunally nature had other Ideas.
In 538~39 "The Great Plague" Killed 20% of the population, of Hesperia, and Hesperia under went a period of Contraction and nearly collapsed. It was saved when it was noticed that Cleanliness appeared to be a defense. All the Various Churches agreed to start Preaching the Message that "Cleanliness is Next to Godliness". There was a upsurge at the public baths, and wash houses. Hesperia, would be spared the European* Idea of dirty being Christian & clean being Jewish or Islamic.
But the Plague had started on the Coast and was carried up river, the Dogon were especially hard hit. Forty years later, When the Hesperian return they find deserted villages and fallow Fields. [Major Butterfly- IOTL the Dogon, have resisted pressure to assimilate Politically, culturally, & religion ally. Maintaining their separateness to this day]
By 620 Hesperia was well on the way to Recovery, The emphasis on Keeping Clean had spread to the Medics, & Midwife's, with a decrease in delivery deaths, and childhood diseases. The worst Problem was Malaria, and while not planned the Roman Canals & Drainage products would act to decrease this over the coming years. In the north Hesperia had withdrawn close to one hundred miles, abandoning a couple of small towns and a half dozen villages, that reached into the Desert. This land would be populated by Bandits, escaped slaves, and other such. 500 years later it would again be occupied and fortified during a War. But It would always have a ""Wild North Mystic" [think OTL Wild West].
In 625 two important milestones. Work slowly resumed on the "Great Coastal Road" south of the Gambia. And The last of the Dogons, accepted Christianity.
While Hesperia had been founded by Roman & Greek Merchants, most of these had been Male. So almost from the beginning a large amount of interracial contact had been the norm.
Romans also judged people more on their Culture, than on their color. So over time as Hesperia started growing the color had been Darkening. With the Assimilation of the Dogon, the Hesperian adaptation to Africa was almost complete. Hesperia would grow as a Latin speaking African Nation.**
*Western European
**biologists tell us the African Nose, Lips, and Kinky Hair are dominant genes
HESPERIA ; Part Seven- Recap
In 430 A.D. when contact was first lost, Hesperia consisted of a strip of land some 350 Roman Miles [1728 standard strides, 2.5 ft /stride] by 30~50 miles wide. Reaching 300 m north & 150 m south of Roma Australis. [cape Timiris--cape Vert (Dakar)]. By 460 exploring parties discovered the Gambia river, followed ten years later by a Settlement at it's mouth. By 520 The Great Coastal Road reached to this Settlement, And it looked like Hesperia was Set to rapidly expand on southward. Also in 520 Trading Parties moving up the Senagal made contact with the Dogon Tribe, which was moving westward ahead of the new Kingdom of Ghana.
By 535 With the growing contacts between the two, the Dogon appeared to be poised to be the middle men between the Growing Republic of Hesperia, and the Kingdom of Ghana. Unfortunally nature had other Ideas.
In 538~39 "The Great Plague" Killed 20% of the population, of Hesperia, and Hesperia under went a period of Contraction and nearly collapsed. It was saved when it was noticed that Cleanliness appeared to be a defense. All the Various Churches agreed to start Preaching the Message that "Cleanliness is Next to Godliness". There was a upsurge at the public baths, and wash houses. Hesperia, would be spared the European* Idea of dirty being Christian & clean being Jewish or Islamic.
But the Plague had started on the Coast and was carried up river, the Dogon were especially hard hit. Forty years later, When the Hesperian return they find deserted villages and fallow Fields. [Major Butterfly- IOTL the Dogon, have resisted pressure to assimilate Politically, culturally, & religion ally. Maintaining their separateness to this day]
By 620 Hesperia was well on the way to Recovery, The emphasis on Keeping Clean had spread to the Medics, & Midwife's, with a decrease in delivery deaths, and childhood diseases. The worst Problem was Malaria, and while not planned the Roman Canals & Drainage products would act to decrease this over the coming years. In the north Hesperia had withdrawn close to one hundred miles, abandoning a couple of small towns and a half dozen villages, that reached into the Desert. This land would be populated by Bandits, escaped slaves, and other such. 500 years later it would again be occupied and fortified during a War. But It would always have a ""Wild North Mystic" [think OTL Wild West].
In 625 two important milestones. Work slowly resumed on the "Great Coastal Road" south of the Gambia. And The last of the Dogons, accepted Christianity.
While Hesperia had been founded by Roman & Greek Merchants, most of these had been Male. So almost from the beginning a large amount of interracial contact had been the norm.
Romans also judged people more on their Culture, than on their color. So over time as Hesperia started growing the color had been Darkening. With the Assimilation of the Dogon, the Hesperian adaptation to Africa was almost complete. Hesperia would grow as a Latin speaking African Nation.**
*Western European
**biologists tell us the African Nose, Lips, and Kinky Hair are dominant genes
HESPERIA ; Part eight- Islam
HESPERIA ; Part eight- Islam
Far to the North and East Something had happened that would completely change the Direction that Hesperia was headed. In Mecca on the Red Sea, the son of a Merchant started preaching about what was wrong with Christianity. In 622 the "Powers that Be" Kicked him out of Mecca. Within a generation of the hijra--Muhammad's flight from Mecca to Medina in A.D. 622, and hence the beginning of the growth of Islam, the youngest of the great monotheistic religions--the message of the Prophet would spread like wildfire into Asia in the east and Africa in the west. Membership in the umma, or worldwide community of believers, gave a deep sense of cohesion and community to all Muslims, regardless of race, ethnicity, status, or wealth. All shared the majestic simplicity of starkly monotheistic faith in Allah, "submission" (Islam) to whom was expressed in adherence to the five "pillars" or fundamental practices of the new religion: a profession of faith, daily prayer, fasting, alms giving, and pilgrimage.
Among the many striking successes of the early Arab warriors on jihad numbered the conquest of Egypt, which fell to Islam in 641. Muslim armies continued their drive west across north Africa, but soon encountered a more resistant foe than the Byzantine forces which had been so handily defeated in the lands around the eastern Mediterranean. These new enemies were the Berbers, the hardy "lords of the desert" who would come to dominate the trans-Saharan trade. Paradoxically, perhaps, the Berbers were attracted to the new religion even as they struggled against the bearers of its message. Soon the Berbers were Muslims every bit as fervent as the Arabs, and had moreover embraced an extremely strict form of the faith known as Khariji Islam, which emphasized utter equality between all members of the umma. After rebelling successfully against Arab domination, the Berbers were subject to the caliphs of Damascus and Baghdad in name only, and went on to play crucial and self-sufficient roles in the history of Islam and trade in Africa.
The Berbers who had founded the Kingdom of Ghana, had like their forefathers in Roman North Africa, were Christians, and accepted the Christian Hesperians. If the Hesperian Type of Christianity wasn't Catholic, of Orthodox, or Coptic, it didn't matter, because the Berbers weren't exactly Pure either. But by 680- 710 Islam had "conquered" north Africa, and the newly converted Berbers were ready and willing to convert their southern cousins.
In 710 Hesperia had a thin finger of territory that extended north of the Senegal river about 240 miles and thirty miles wide, with another abandoned 60 miles further north. To the south they had crossed the Gambia and were expanding along the foothills of the Guinea highlands. [OTL Senegal & Guinea-Bissau], With the absorbsion of the Dogon, they had expanded inland all along the south & west banks of the Senegal river. This they had settled, and controlled by living on it.
With the unplanned Conquest of Ghana, a lot had changed. Ghana had conquered several neighbor states and extended from the Mauritania Coast to the city of Goa on the Niger River. These subject peoples had been unhappy about being part of Ghana, but at lest Ghana was a Berber Kingdom like them. While these small kingdoms weren't ready to rebel, they were more than willing to show their unhappiness by embracing the new religion of Islam. By 730~40 these subject kingdoms were majority Islam. *
In 760 After only 80 years [third generation reaching adulthood] the Hesperian Empire collapsed. Lead by the Songhay tribe in the City of Goa, the Islamic Kingdoms rebelled. While the Hesperians had the superior Army, the difficulties of subduing a hostile population over the distances needed, was just to much to handle. Like it's founder had done 300 years earlier, Roma de Sud withdrew to it's core and immediate surrounding territory. [With more Success than Rome had had. It managed to hold Ghana].
After regaining their freedom the Small Islamic Kingdoms started on a program of forced conversion or expulsion of the remaining Christians in the Kingdoms. Thousands fled, or were forced out. Once again Hesperia received a flood of refugees. Those that didn't settle in along the coast, ended up being settled in the Guinea Highlands. After a short try at Empire, Hesperia, once again a Republic,** was back at it's old Game of, Growing it's way south.***
*It's hard to get exact dates for events at this period, but IOTL, the Islaming of these Berber Kingdoms started in the early 700's. It then took several generations. I have speeded it up, as a reaction to the Conquest of Greater Ghana, By the Hesperian Christians.
**Of Course, there had been Changes in the Power of the Imperial Governor, and in the Structure of the Legions. The Republic was getting a little worn.
***There wasn't really a reason for Hesperia's push for expansion, just like there wasn't a real reason for OTL's American westward push. neither one was over populated. Perhaps a bit of the Frontier {If you can see your neighbors smoke, It's time to move} had entered Hesperia's Soul.
HESPERIA ; Part eight- Islam
Far to the North and East Something had happened that would completely change the Direction that Hesperia was headed. In Mecca on the Red Sea, the son of a Merchant started preaching about what was wrong with Christianity. In 622 the "Powers that Be" Kicked him out of Mecca. Within a generation of the hijra--Muhammad's flight from Mecca to Medina in A.D. 622, and hence the beginning of the growth of Islam, the youngest of the great monotheistic religions--the message of the Prophet would spread like wildfire into Asia in the east and Africa in the west. Membership in the umma, or worldwide community of believers, gave a deep sense of cohesion and community to all Muslims, regardless of race, ethnicity, status, or wealth. All shared the majestic simplicity of starkly monotheistic faith in Allah, "submission" (Islam) to whom was expressed in adherence to the five "pillars" or fundamental practices of the new religion: a profession of faith, daily prayer, fasting, alms giving, and pilgrimage.
Among the many striking successes of the early Arab warriors on jihad numbered the conquest of Egypt, which fell to Islam in 641. Muslim armies continued their drive west across north Africa, but soon encountered a more resistant foe than the Byzantine forces which had been so handily defeated in the lands around the eastern Mediterranean. These new enemies were the Berbers, the hardy "lords of the desert" who would come to dominate the trans-Saharan trade. Paradoxically, perhaps, the Berbers were attracted to the new religion even as they struggled against the bearers of its message. Soon the Berbers were Muslims every bit as fervent as the Arabs, and had moreover embraced an extremely strict form of the faith known as Khariji Islam, which emphasized utter equality between all members of the umma. After rebelling successfully against Arab domination, the Berbers were subject to the caliphs of Damascus and Baghdad in name only, and went on to play crucial and self-sufficient roles in the history of Islam and trade in Africa.
The Berbers who had founded the Kingdom of Ghana, had like their forefathers in Roman North Africa, were Christians, and accepted the Christian Hesperians. If the Hesperian Type of Christianity wasn't Catholic, of Orthodox, or Coptic, it didn't matter, because the Berbers weren't exactly Pure either. But by 680- 710 Islam had "conquered" north Africa, and the newly converted Berbers were ready and willing to convert their southern cousins.
In 710 Hesperia had a thin finger of territory that extended north of the Senegal river about 240 miles and thirty miles wide, with another abandoned 60 miles further north. To the south they had crossed the Gambia and were expanding along the foothills of the Guinea highlands. [OTL Senegal & Guinea-Bissau], With the absorbsion of the Dogon, they had expanded inland all along the south & west banks of the Senegal river. This they had settled, and controlled by living on it.
With the unplanned Conquest of Ghana, a lot had changed. Ghana had conquered several neighbor states and extended from the Mauritania Coast to the city of Goa on the Niger River. These subject peoples had been unhappy about being part of Ghana, but at lest Ghana was a Berber Kingdom like them. While these small kingdoms weren't ready to rebel, they were more than willing to show their unhappiness by embracing the new religion of Islam. By 730~40 these subject kingdoms were majority Islam. *
In 760 After only 80 years [third generation reaching adulthood] the Hesperian Empire collapsed. Lead by the Songhay tribe in the City of Goa, the Islamic Kingdoms rebelled. While the Hesperians had the superior Army, the difficulties of subduing a hostile population over the distances needed, was just to much to handle. Like it's founder had done 300 years earlier, Roma de Sud withdrew to it's core and immediate surrounding territory. [With more Success than Rome had had. It managed to hold Ghana].
After regaining their freedom the Small Islamic Kingdoms started on a program of forced conversion or expulsion of the remaining Christians in the Kingdoms. Thousands fled, or were forced out. Once again Hesperia received a flood of refugees. Those that didn't settle in along the coast, ended up being settled in the Guinea Highlands. After a short try at Empire, Hesperia, once again a Republic,** was back at it's old Game of, Growing it's way south.***
*It's hard to get exact dates for events at this period, but IOTL, the Islaming of these Berber Kingdoms started in the early 700's. It then took several generations. I have speeded it up, as a reaction to the Conquest of Greater Ghana, By the Hesperian Christians.
**Of Course, there had been Changes in the Power of the Imperial Governor, and in the Structure of the Legions. The Republic was getting a little worn.
***There wasn't really a reason for Hesperia's push for expansion, just like there wasn't a real reason for OTL's American westward push. neither one was over populated. Perhaps a bit of the Frontier {If you can see your neighbors smoke, It's time to move} had entered Hesperia's Soul.
HESPERIA ; Part nine- Interlude with developments
HESPERIA ; Part nine- Interlude with developments
Hesperia was founded as a series of supply posts along the West African Coast, to allow Traders to travel to and from the Senagal river region, [OTL Cape Verde]. These post grew into centers of trade with the Natives along the Coast. Then into villages when Farmers and Fishermen settled in them. As they Became towns there also were Soldiers and Craftsmen.* But the reason and wealth of Hesperia was Trade, And this was carried on Ships from Europe. When contact with Europe was lost in 544, One of the Crafts that had never Settled in Hesperia was ShipWright.
True there were Fishermen along the Coast, And while they did make their own boats, That what they were, Boats-Small Boats. Capable of Day trips along the Coast, mostly out in the morning, home by dark, and not in poor weather. There were also small native boats on the River, but these were just various sized canoes.
While there had been a few ships in Port, before, They had loaded up and left for Europe. By the Time the plague was over, and people had time to look around again, they realized it had been several years since the last south bound ship had arrived. It had been full of Plague Victims. The Hesperians dealing with their own Plague, quarantined, & Then Burnt the Ship. [Yellow death in Europe, 537-547, about as bad as the first wave of the Black Death ~1300, except only one wave of the Yellow Death, The black had multiple waves]. Unknown to the Hesperians several other south bound ships had wrecked along the coast when the crews had sur come to the Plague.
Now due to losing 20% of their population, and the need to recover, this wasn't a immediate Problem. But by ~620, Hesperia had recovered, began pushing South. At this time a need for Some type of Ocean Vessel became apparent. Having identified a problem, The Hesperians set out to solve it.
*One of the Reasons for the settlements had been the Roman Civil War ~40's BC. Many of the First settlers had been on the losing republican side, Trying to get as far away as posible, They took their ideals with them. One of the reasons Hesperia called it'self a republic.
HESPERIA ; Part nine- Interlude with developments
Hesperia was founded as a series of supply posts along the West African Coast, to allow Traders to travel to and from the Senagal river region, [OTL Cape Verde]. These post grew into centers of trade with the Natives along the Coast. Then into villages when Farmers and Fishermen settled in them. As they Became towns there also were Soldiers and Craftsmen.* But the reason and wealth of Hesperia was Trade, And this was carried on Ships from Europe. When contact with Europe was lost in 544, One of the Crafts that had never Settled in Hesperia was ShipWright.
True there were Fishermen along the Coast, And while they did make their own boats, That what they were, Boats-Small Boats. Capable of Day trips along the Coast, mostly out in the morning, home by dark, and not in poor weather. There were also small native boats on the River, but these were just various sized canoes.
While there had been a few ships in Port, before, They had loaded up and left for Europe. By the Time the plague was over, and people had time to look around again, they realized it had been several years since the last south bound ship had arrived. It had been full of Plague Victims. The Hesperians dealing with their own Plague, quarantined, & Then Burnt the Ship. [Yellow death in Europe, 537-547, about as bad as the first wave of the Black Death ~1300, except only one wave of the Yellow Death, The black had multiple waves]. Unknown to the Hesperians several other south bound ships had wrecked along the coast when the crews had sur come to the Plague.
Now due to losing 20% of their population, and the need to recover, this wasn't a immediate Problem. But by ~620, Hesperia had recovered, began pushing South. At this time a need for Some type of Ocean Vessel became apparent. Having identified a problem, The Hesperians set out to solve it.
*One of the Reasons for the settlements had been the Roman Civil War ~40's BC. Many of the First settlers had been on the losing republican side, Trying to get as far away as posible, They took their ideals with them. One of the reasons Hesperia called it'self a republic.
DuQuense said:
Unlikely, but I guess it's possible. What about the soldiers, though? Rome tended to base fleets where it pout troops near water. There was a Rhine Fleet, a Danube Fleet, a Black Sea Fleet, temporarily a Euphrates Fleet, and several fleets in the Med (Alexandrian, Misene and Ravennate) and the Atlantic/North Sea (German, Britannic and Gallic). Most of these were not the huge establishments we think of when folks say 'fleet', but all of them had shipbuilding and ship repair facilities. What happened to the Hesperian Fleet?
DuQuense said:
I'd go with an expedition with big canoes if I was them. You can go surprisingly far on those. In fact, you can go surprisingly far with almost anything...
DuQuense said:
Ah, but the Republic did not lose the Civil War! It was gloriously restored by Augustus! Read the Ancyran monument, man!
Seriously, I do not see farmers, craftsmen and traders on the 'losing' side after Actium. The whole 'Old Liberty' spiel at the time had become a mask for untrammeled senatorial oligarchic rule, the last thing the 'little people' could possibly want. Most of what popular support there was in the civil wars had come down not on the side of the 'Old Order' Republicans but firmly on the Caesarean side. Caesar, for all his flaws, was probably the best thing the lower classes could hope for at the time. Augustus, OTOH, compromised perhaps too much with the senatorial classes.
Nonetheless, the victory of Augustus of the Caesarian party meant that the common people were rid of the demons that had destroyed their lifes - conscription, war taxation and warfare. The credit crunch remained, but without the added leverage of military command and emergency powers to help the rich, working stiffs (so to speak - we're actually talking more of middle class entrepreneurial types) could, for the first time in a generation or so, actually see the chance to prosper. Not many of those would have wanted to back the old order, no matter how many crowns Augustus put on. (again, the sources pretty consistently show the lower classes applauding and favouring every step towards imperial power, the senators resisting and grudgingly giving in)
Of course they could be the displaced clients of a losing senator. Pompeians? Make them the remnants of Sextus Pompey's military and you have a reason for them to go by sea, too
Wait, here's a thought: The stabilising (and eventually accumulatrive) fdactor in Roman family wealth was land. In Roman society, anyone who was anyone invested in land as soon as he could and hung on as hard as possible. Land retained its value, was taxed very moderately, gave decent return on investment (except in Italy and parts of the East, where prices were insanely inflated) and was respectable in a way banking, commerce or industry were not. Through this mechanism, the rich accumulated land and divested themselves of other businesses, allowing things like cloth industries, fisheries, or metalworkling to stay in the hands of relatively small businessmen. Roman credit law favored the creditor and in every crisis, local or global, the rich landholders got more land through execution of unpaid claims. Eventually, that led to the huge wealth concentration of the landed nobility.
Can Hesperia foil this cycle? It was possible in the East to some degree (the city economies were too diverse and attractive and the land too expensive). Can a Hesperian accumulate latifundia? If not, you automatically have a society that, over the longer term, favours the small businessman and craftsman. Nobody wants to get out of 'sordid business' to become a 'gentleman' if there's no reward to it. How is land ownership structured in Hesperia?
Im a rich man with estates larger than any in England, You are a Rich Merchant with Business Intrests around the World, More than most British Companies. But when we go to London we are looked down on as Colonial Yokels.
Lets have a Revolution and set up our own system where We write the Rules.
Dosen't sound as good as {Taxation with out Repersentation}, or {Defend our rites as free Born Englishmen}
I'm sure that both sides in the Roman Civil War Used the most Noble High Faulting Lanuage When the Axes came out afterward, and the losers fled to Hesperia, They took their followers with them, Locked in to the Retoric.
Let me think about the land problem.
Lets have a Revolution and set up our own system where We write the Rules.
Dosen't sound as good as {Taxation with out Repersentation}, or {Defend our rites as free Born Englishmen}
I'm sure that both sides in the Roman Civil War Used the most Noble High Faulting Lanuage When the Axes came out afterward, and the losers fled to Hesperia, They took their followers with them, Locked in to the Retoric.
Let me think about the land problem.
HESPERIA ; Part Ten- Colonies and Exploration
HESPERIA ; Part Ten- Colonies and Exploration
When the Songhay of Goa Had lead a Islamic revolt among the small Ghana client states most of the remaining Christians in these areas had fled Into -nominally Christian -Hesperian controlled lands, but not all. A small percentage of them fled down the Niger River. There on the Delta where the River spread out into various Mouths they established the City of Portus Amnis.
In the mid 600's when Hesperia was growing south the need for ocean transport had been a problem, The Roman Fleet [Very Small] had departed with the 22nd Australis, along with the repair personel. For a while they had tried scaling up the small boats, used by the fishermen along the shore. But While the small Mediterranean style boats where usable for short day trips, the scaled up models had major problems handling the Atlantic Ocean. The solution when it came was simple, and opened up the whole coast to them, and even allowed them to recontact the Remus Islands several hundred miles off shore. Of Course in the 20th century, it would also lead to people like Von Damiken trying to propose contact between West Africa and the South Pacific circa 700 AD.
Some time around 670~80 some one took a large canoe and tied a smaller canoe out on either side,* While the "powers that be" originally scoffed at the idea, by 700 the center hulls had reached lengths over 150' with the out riggers half that, and they were everywhere along the coast. Exploring farther and farther, and leaving small settlements and trading posts in their wake.
In 795 the first of the Hesperian Ships reached one of the Niger River mouths and sailed north.
* I like Trimarains. and like lots of other inventions, they fall into that they could have, so why didn't they, category. ITTL they will be the African answer to the European Carvel, and the Chinese Junk.
HESPERIA ; Part Ten- Colonies and Exploration
When the Songhay of Goa Had lead a Islamic revolt among the small Ghana client states most of the remaining Christians in these areas had fled Into -nominally Christian -Hesperian controlled lands, but not all. A small percentage of them fled down the Niger River. There on the Delta where the River spread out into various Mouths they established the City of Portus Amnis.
In the mid 600's when Hesperia was growing south the need for ocean transport had been a problem, The Roman Fleet [Very Small] had departed with the 22nd Australis, along with the repair personel. For a while they had tried scaling up the small boats, used by the fishermen along the shore. But While the small Mediterranean style boats where usable for short day trips, the scaled up models had major problems handling the Atlantic Ocean. The solution when it came was simple, and opened up the whole coast to them, and even allowed them to recontact the Remus Islands several hundred miles off shore. Of Course in the 20th century, it would also lead to people like Von Damiken trying to propose contact between West Africa and the South Pacific circa 700 AD.
Some time around 670~80 some one took a large canoe and tied a smaller canoe out on either side,* While the "powers that be" originally scoffed at the idea, by 700 the center hulls had reached lengths over 150' with the out riggers half that, and they were everywhere along the coast. Exploring farther and farther, and leaving small settlements and trading posts in their wake.
In 795 the first of the Hesperian Ships reached one of the Niger River mouths and sailed north.
* I like Trimarains. and like lots of other inventions, they fall into that they could have, so why didn't they, category. ITTL they will be the African answer to the European Carvel, and the Chinese Junk.
HESPERIA ; Part Eleven- Interlude Art
HESPERIA ; Part Eleven- Interlude Art
Hesperia had been founded by Merchants in the first century, the major minority of which had been Greeks. Along with them they had brought their Architecture, which had become the predominate style. They had also brought Olives, Mead, Temples, Books, and Skills & Crafts.
By the third and fourth centuries Hesperia was developing its own styles, Based on the Roman & Greek art they had brought with them, but seriously influenced by the Native Traditions. With the Discovery of large copper & tin supplies in the Guinea Highlands, a New Bronze age of art began. By the late 300's period, Hesperian Bronze, had joined with the Ivory, & exotic woods, being shipped North.
The collapse of the shipping route north, slowed this, But This just helped Hesperia Develop it's own sense of Style. As the berbers developed trade routes across the desert following the introduction of the camel, in the forth century, Hesperian Bronzes again were sold around the Mediterranean, thru most peoples, no longer knew from where they came.
But Bronze art wasn't the only thing, Hesperia abounded with riches, Ivory, exotic Woods, Iron ore, and of course Gold. And the Jewelers & Artisans used them all, Alone or Together, creating some of today's most wildly admired art. As Hesperia was a Christian country lots of this had a Religionish Theme. And while the Muslims, who ran the trade routes, may have disagreed with their Christian cohorts religiously, neither side was about to let a little thing like religion interfere, with Important things like Trade.
By the early ninth century Hesperian art was decorating Churches & Chapels from Constantinople to Dublin.*
The Major influence on the style of Public Buildings, in the early years was the Greek-Roman, style. And while this remained , even here there were native influences, The round native huts, lead to a more Rotunda style, and the tall Roman Arches, became longer and lower. Some Architectural Historians, Have argued that this is the Reason, that Hesperia, took so readily to Dome style homes after the invention of Spraycrete in the 1890's.
*This will have a butterfly effect later.
HESPERIA ; Part Eleven- Interlude Art
Hesperia had been founded by Merchants in the first century, the major minority of which had been Greeks. Along with them they had brought their Architecture, which had become the predominate style. They had also brought Olives, Mead, Temples, Books, and Skills & Crafts.
By the third and fourth centuries Hesperia was developing its own styles, Based on the Roman & Greek art they had brought with them, but seriously influenced by the Native Traditions. With the Discovery of large copper & tin supplies in the Guinea Highlands, a New Bronze age of art began. By the late 300's period, Hesperian Bronze, had joined with the Ivory, & exotic woods, being shipped North.
The collapse of the shipping route north, slowed this, But This just helped Hesperia Develop it's own sense of Style. As the berbers developed trade routes across the desert following the introduction of the camel, in the forth century, Hesperian Bronzes again were sold around the Mediterranean, thru most peoples, no longer knew from where they came.
But Bronze art wasn't the only thing, Hesperia abounded with riches, Ivory, exotic Woods, Iron ore, and of course Gold. And the Jewelers & Artisans used them all, Alone or Together, creating some of today's most wildly admired art. As Hesperia was a Christian country lots of this had a Religionish Theme. And while the Muslims, who ran the trade routes, may have disagreed with their Christian cohorts religiously, neither side was about to let a little thing like religion interfere, with Important things like Trade.
By the early ninth century Hesperian art was decorating Churches & Chapels from Constantinople to Dublin.*
The Major influence on the style of Public Buildings, in the early years was the Greek-Roman, style. And while this remained , even here there were native influences, The round native huts, lead to a more Rotunda style, and the tall Roman Arches, became longer and lower. Some Architectural Historians, Have argued that this is the Reason, that Hesperia, took so readily to Dome style homes after the invention of Spraycrete in the 1890's.
*This will have a butterfly effect later.
HESPERIA ; Part televe Hesperian Christian? Church
HESPERIA ; Part televe Hesperian Christian? Church
In the 300's Hesperia became officially Christian, along with the rest of the Empire. Of course due to the distance from the City of Rome, the Priests and officials sent were not the first tier, or even the, close second tier of talent. If You were being generous , You might, call them third tier. Also lots of Unusual Preachers and Missionaries, had come here when they were chased out , by more Orthodox believers. This Meant that while the Towns had a Official Orthodox veneer , in reality, all kinds of other religions from Zoroastriasm, to the old Roma-Greek, to Mithism, to Nestoian, Coptic & Native, flourished, just out of official sight.
Religion wise Hesperia was the back of the beyond. Founded by Romans With a few Greeks, all Kinds of Heretics, Pagans, and Others, -Zoaistiam, Mitras, Copts, Nesterians, Gonostics, Jews, North Germanic, - ended up there when They got into trouble in Rome.
When Rome went Officially Christian and Contancetine? held his Councils to establish uniformity, a Few Church officials were sent to bring the "Word" to Hesperia. So Hesperia, Officially had the same Religion as "Rome".
Except given the distance and the probability of this being a one way posting, there were few first or even second tier officials sent. The Officials sent were satisfied if lip service [And Tithes] were Paid. So a Just below the surface tolerance prevailed. and a Merging began.
After contact north was lost a new church emerged.
As the Church had simply taken over the existing temples for their Use, the statues were renamed from Zeus and Hera, to Jehovah & Mary, with the other gods Statues and images portraying the aspostilies, & Saints, of the Bible. Of course along with the image came many of the attubutes. Paul the messager, Peter the Builder, Lazarus the Saint that guard the underworld etc.
From Zoroastriasm? came braziers of Fire on the Altar, representing the Holy Spirit, that burn in us all.
From the Nesterians the church took the fish, instead of the cross, and from the Mithrisians, the Priest became the guardians of the Mysteries, & Holy sites, taken from the Natives.
And from the Arianists came a down playing of Christ's divinity, Yes he was the True Son of God, who Died to save US all. But the important thing was his Coming to bring the word of God.
In time Christmas, [ Vernal eiqunox] The day the Father sent The word made flesh, became the Major holiday.*
Many of the Natives the Hesperians first encountered Practiced Polygamy, and this is something that the Romans had no real problem with, most of the First Generation were Males, and the natives considered the traders Rich. Many Fathers were happy to sell their relatively worthless daughters to these New Comers, and didn't care if the Trader already had another wife.
In fact there were many cases were several Daughters were sold to the same "Husband". After Christianity arrived Polygamy slowed, but as the early church had no hard and fast ban on the practice, it continued. [IOTL it wasn't till the 1250's that the Church put a absolute ban on Polygamy, at the same time as it outlawed Priest's Marriages]. The Hesperian Church never would.
When the Church encountered Islam it was More than happy to start incorporating parts of this new religion, as the Monks Attended Mass several times a day, and the Priests held three mass for the faithful Daily, The Inman's Call to the Faithful fit rite in.
This sounds a lot more together than it really was in the early years, the thing was a complete Mish Mash of competing Ideas, and practices, When the Hesperians first conquered the Ghanaians, [680] and the much more Doctrinaire Christians got their first look at the Hesperian Church, They wanted nothing to do with it.. And in fact this was one of the Reasons for the acceptance of Islam.
But in 769 that all changed.
Abdul Assemi was born in 727 AD in Bambia about 150 miles north of Goa, The fourth of six sons [and nine daughters] of a very prominent Christian trading family, Abdul had to be politically adept just to survive his place in the Family, At the age of sixteen, Abdul was already being Groomed for the Traders Council. But first, Abdul accomplished a trading caravan to Egypt & Ethiopia, While in these countries, Abdul was exposed to several Differing Missionaries, exactly how and where is unknown. We do know Abdul and returned home, Believing that he was called by God to a great Work, more interested in Religion, than Politics, thru at the levels Abdul ended up playing , they're close to the same.
In 760 with the revolt of Goa, Abdul was forced to flee with his Wives, and Family, ending up in Dakar, south of the great Roma Australis. Along the way He and Family had, taken refugee in many Monistaries along the way [ safe places to spend several nites, resting up, while traveling], as a Christian Scholar he was Appalled at he Mish Mash, thru as a scholar he understood, how it had happened.
As Abdul, Helped his Brothers restart the Family trading Business, he spent the evenings Studying and rewriting the Bible, and deciding which Books to Keep. [Lots of the Books that the Catholic & Orthodox churches had thrown out, where still circulating in Hesperia.] As the years passed, Abdul seemed to be coming more and more finely Honed, and processed, of a mission.
In 769 on one fine day in early spring "Abdul Assemi" Walked down to the Square in front of the local church,and began to Preach. Some of what he Said, some of the Priests agreed with, some, other Priests agreed with. What they couldn't agree on was what to do with Abdul, So Abdul keep on Preaching. Within months he was preaching from within the church, and had his own apostates.
In 774 Abdul left Dakar, and Moved to Roma Australis. Once again, their were arguments over what to do about him, But Abdul was a Master Politician by this time. Once again no agreement, was reached. 775 found Abdul preaching from within the Churches. In 782, Abdul was elected Patriarch of Roma Australis. By the time of his Death, in 809, at 82, the [Super Syncretistic- He had even included passages from the Koran] Hesperian church Was established, with a unified doctrine, and Practices. Saint Abdul Was the Great prophet.
During the 900's this Syncrestistism would bring the Hesperian church into conflict with Islam [Mohammed was the Last and Greatest Prophet, all other are frauds]. and again with the Christian Church in the early millennium [the Great Heresy]
While today the isn't any violence in the dispute, Both The Catholic, Orthodox, & Islamic Churches still consider the Hesperian Church as Heresy. The Hesperian Church never cared.** As It believed it multiple paths to the Father of All.
* OTL In the early church Easter was the major holiday.
** I am A Light, and A Way, the Father sent Me to show A path unto Him. Matthew 3:13, Hesperian Bible.
HESPERIA ; Part televe Hesperian Christian? Church
In the 300's Hesperia became officially Christian, along with the rest of the Empire. Of course due to the distance from the City of Rome, the Priests and officials sent were not the first tier, or even the, close second tier of talent. If You were being generous , You might, call them third tier. Also lots of Unusual Preachers and Missionaries, had come here when they were chased out , by more Orthodox believers. This Meant that while the Towns had a Official Orthodox veneer , in reality, all kinds of other religions from Zoroastriasm, to the old Roma-Greek, to Mithism, to Nestoian, Coptic & Native, flourished, just out of official sight.
Religion wise Hesperia was the back of the beyond. Founded by Romans With a few Greeks, all Kinds of Heretics, Pagans, and Others, -Zoaistiam, Mitras, Copts, Nesterians, Gonostics, Jews, North Germanic, - ended up there when They got into trouble in Rome.
When Rome went Officially Christian and Contancetine? held his Councils to establish uniformity, a Few Church officials were sent to bring the "Word" to Hesperia. So Hesperia, Officially had the same Religion as "Rome".
Except given the distance and the probability of this being a one way posting, there were few first or even second tier officials sent. The Officials sent were satisfied if lip service [And Tithes] were Paid. So a Just below the surface tolerance prevailed. and a Merging began.
After contact north was lost a new church emerged.
As the Church had simply taken over the existing temples for their Use, the statues were renamed from Zeus and Hera, to Jehovah & Mary, with the other gods Statues and images portraying the aspostilies, & Saints, of the Bible. Of course along with the image came many of the attubutes. Paul the messager, Peter the Builder, Lazarus the Saint that guard the underworld etc.
From Zoroastriasm? came braziers of Fire on the Altar, representing the Holy Spirit, that burn in us all.
From the Nesterians the church took the fish, instead of the cross, and from the Mithrisians, the Priest became the guardians of the Mysteries, & Holy sites, taken from the Natives.
And from the Arianists came a down playing of Christ's divinity, Yes he was the True Son of God, who Died to save US all. But the important thing was his Coming to bring the word of God.
In time Christmas, [ Vernal eiqunox] The day the Father sent The word made flesh, became the Major holiday.*
Many of the Natives the Hesperians first encountered Practiced Polygamy, and this is something that the Romans had no real problem with, most of the First Generation were Males, and the natives considered the traders Rich. Many Fathers were happy to sell their relatively worthless daughters to these New Comers, and didn't care if the Trader already had another wife.
In fact there were many cases were several Daughters were sold to the same "Husband". After Christianity arrived Polygamy slowed, but as the early church had no hard and fast ban on the practice, it continued. [IOTL it wasn't till the 1250's that the Church put a absolute ban on Polygamy, at the same time as it outlawed Priest's Marriages]. The Hesperian Church never would.
When the Church encountered Islam it was More than happy to start incorporating parts of this new religion, as the Monks Attended Mass several times a day, and the Priests held three mass for the faithful Daily, The Inman's Call to the Faithful fit rite in.
This sounds a lot more together than it really was in the early years, the thing was a complete Mish Mash of competing Ideas, and practices, When the Hesperians first conquered the Ghanaians, [680] and the much more Doctrinaire Christians got their first look at the Hesperian Church, They wanted nothing to do with it.. And in fact this was one of the Reasons for the acceptance of Islam.
But in 769 that all changed.
Abdul Assemi was born in 727 AD in Bambia about 150 miles north of Goa, The fourth of six sons [and nine daughters] of a very prominent Christian trading family, Abdul had to be politically adept just to survive his place in the Family, At the age of sixteen, Abdul was already being Groomed for the Traders Council. But first, Abdul accomplished a trading caravan to Egypt & Ethiopia, While in these countries, Abdul was exposed to several Differing Missionaries, exactly how and where is unknown. We do know Abdul and returned home, Believing that he was called by God to a great Work, more interested in Religion, than Politics, thru at the levels Abdul ended up playing , they're close to the same.
In 760 with the revolt of Goa, Abdul was forced to flee with his Wives, and Family, ending up in Dakar, south of the great Roma Australis. Along the way He and Family had, taken refugee in many Monistaries along the way [ safe places to spend several nites, resting up, while traveling], as a Christian Scholar he was Appalled at he Mish Mash, thru as a scholar he understood, how it had happened.
As Abdul, Helped his Brothers restart the Family trading Business, he spent the evenings Studying and rewriting the Bible, and deciding which Books to Keep. [Lots of the Books that the Catholic & Orthodox churches had thrown out, where still circulating in Hesperia.] As the years passed, Abdul seemed to be coming more and more finely Honed, and processed, of a mission.
In 769 on one fine day in early spring "Abdul Assemi" Walked down to the Square in front of the local church,and began to Preach. Some of what he Said, some of the Priests agreed with, some, other Priests agreed with. What they couldn't agree on was what to do with Abdul, So Abdul keep on Preaching. Within months he was preaching from within the church, and had his own apostates.
In 774 Abdul left Dakar, and Moved to Roma Australis. Once again, their were arguments over what to do about him, But Abdul was a Master Politician by this time. Once again no agreement, was reached. 775 found Abdul preaching from within the Churches. In 782, Abdul was elected Patriarch of Roma Australis. By the time of his Death, in 809, at 82, the [Super Syncretistic- He had even included passages from the Koran] Hesperian church Was established, with a unified doctrine, and Practices. Saint Abdul Was the Great prophet.
During the 900's this Syncrestistism would bring the Hesperian church into conflict with Islam [Mohammed was the Last and Greatest Prophet, all other are frauds]. and again with the Christian Church in the early millennium [the Great Heresy]
While today the isn't any violence in the dispute, Both The Catholic, Orthodox, & Islamic Churches still consider the Hesperian Church as Heresy. The Hesperian Church never cared.** As It believed it multiple paths to the Father of All.
* OTL In the early church Easter was the major holiday.
** I am A Light, and A Way, the Father sent Me to show A path unto Him. Matthew 3:13, Hesperian Bible.
The Year is 950 - I have a large Empire streching from OTL Senegal to Nigeria [= to France to Romania] with a population of ~30~35 million people [= to Rome at it's height], Plus Colonies in the Kongo, and Amazon. Involved with a Islamic Jihad lanched by the Almorvids [ extreme Islam jurists {think Saudia culture police/Islam Church laws}] Poor intelligence [military type {?oximoron?}], They're going to be crushed.
This will lead the Hesperians to sail North and encounter
-1. The vikings in Nova Suziea [Morocco] who are rebuilding the remains of Roman Maritania, and slowly converting from the Norse Gods [some still follow the old ways] to the Arian Chistianity practiced there.
-2. the Iberians . With parts of the Iberian Pennsular under the control of Islam, parts under the Catolics, and both being raided by the Norse.
-3. Western Europe inculding Italy & the Pope
-4. Eastern Rome [Byzantine] And the Roman Emperor
IOTL the Almorhads rebeled against the Almorivids [~1000] [AFAIK this was over a difference in interpertations, not in policies. IOTL the Almorihads ended up with a Infulence Sphere [curtural superpower] that reached [1400] from Morocco to Madagascar to Indonesia. The Pakistani preachers of the 1940~50's that started the French troubles in Algeria [Most 30's~40's Algerians were very Secular,{Saturday go the Mosque types}] and lead to todays Fundimentist were direct decentents of the Almorihads. ITTL This won't happen. ?What will take it's place?
My Hesperia is getting to Big. Contans split the Roman Empire in Half at this point. ?Could I get away with spliting Hesperia into 4~5 Administration Units [Like spliting west rome into Britin, Gaul, Italia, Ispainia, but keeping the Emperor over all]?
Hesperia just won a Major War over the Almorivids [They declaered Jihad, & attacked]. ?How will [should] my Hesperians react to the Almorivids in Ispainia?
When My Hesperians reach the Pope, will the Church try to convert them, Cusade against them [ika. the Cathars in France] or accept them [ika. the Orthodox Church], or ignore them [ika. the Hindus, Buddists]
in 1000ad England had ~1 Million people, Scotland/ Ireland Half million each, France 5~6 Mill. Italia 5 mill, Ispainia & Italia ~4 million each, rest of Europe ~5 million.
The Byzantines had ~20 million. this means that my Hesperians almost out number all of East/West Europe. While the Distance is to great to reestablish empire, how would the Byzantine Emperor of the Romans React to this new "Roman Empire" .
In 960 my exploring Hesperians reached the Cape and started North up the east coast of Africa. What does this mean for the Christians of Assynia. ?Should the Sea Group or the Land Explorers moving up the Kongo, be the first to meet the Ethiopians?
Hesperia has established several trading posts at the mouth of the Amazon, and are starting northwest along the coast. ? What will this mean for the Vikings who are also exploring a Western Landmass, ?Should they meet, and exchange stories?
Any and all Ideas, Sugesstions, Critizisms, and any other construstionisms welcome to help restart this thread.
Thanx
This will lead the Hesperians to sail North and encounter
-1. The vikings in Nova Suziea [Morocco] who are rebuilding the remains of Roman Maritania, and slowly converting from the Norse Gods [some still follow the old ways] to the Arian Chistianity practiced there.
-2. the Iberians . With parts of the Iberian Pennsular under the control of Islam, parts under the Catolics, and both being raided by the Norse.
-3. Western Europe inculding Italy & the Pope
-4. Eastern Rome [Byzantine] And the Roman Emperor
IOTL the Almorhads rebeled against the Almorivids [~1000] [AFAIK this was over a difference in interpertations, not in policies. IOTL the Almorihads ended up with a Infulence Sphere [curtural superpower] that reached [1400] from Morocco to Madagascar to Indonesia. The Pakistani preachers of the 1940~50's that started the French troubles in Algeria [Most 30's~40's Algerians were very Secular,{Saturday go the Mosque types}] and lead to todays Fundimentist were direct decentents of the Almorihads. ITTL This won't happen. ?What will take it's place?
My Hesperia is getting to Big. Contans split the Roman Empire in Half at this point. ?Could I get away with spliting Hesperia into 4~5 Administration Units [Like spliting west rome into Britin, Gaul, Italia, Ispainia, but keeping the Emperor over all]?
Hesperia just won a Major War over the Almorivids [They declaered Jihad, & attacked]. ?How will [should] my Hesperians react to the Almorivids in Ispainia?
When My Hesperians reach the Pope, will the Church try to convert them, Cusade against them [ika. the Cathars in France] or accept them [ika. the Orthodox Church], or ignore them [ika. the Hindus, Buddists]
in 1000ad England had ~1 Million people, Scotland/ Ireland Half million each, France 5~6 Mill. Italia 5 mill, Ispainia & Italia ~4 million each, rest of Europe ~5 million.
The Byzantines had ~20 million. this means that my Hesperians almost out number all of East/West Europe. While the Distance is to great to reestablish empire, how would the Byzantine Emperor of the Romans React to this new "Roman Empire" .
In 960 my exploring Hesperians reached the Cape and started North up the east coast of Africa. What does this mean for the Christians of Assynia. ?Should the Sea Group or the Land Explorers moving up the Kongo, be the first to meet the Ethiopians?
Hesperia has established several trading posts at the mouth of the Amazon, and are starting northwest along the coast. ? What will this mean for the Vikings who are also exploring a Western Landmass, ?Should they meet, and exchange stories?
Any and all Ideas, Sugesstions, Critizisms, and any other construstionisms welcome to help restart this thread.
Thanx
HESPERIA ; Part Thirteen Colonies and Allies
HESPERIA ; Part Thirteen Colonies and Allies
When the First Hesperian exploration vessel reached Portus Amnis, They found a Small Settlement of several thousand people, with another couple thousands more in the surrounding area.
most of the Settlement was less than 25 years old, but it was several orders larger than Any of the Trading posts, Hesperia was establishing along the coast. The Merchants on the Ship Unpacked and set up shop.
Most of the Portus Amnisians were refugees, Who had been on the Wrong side when Goa lead the Islamic revolt against Hesperia. Now that contact had been reestablished They expected to be once again ruled from Roma Australis. But the Hesperian had learned the lesson of Augustus. Who following the defeat in the Black Forest, by the Germans had declared a limit to the size of Empire.
Over the next Fifty~ Sixty years Traders, Settlers, and Missionaries, arrived allowing the expansion of Portus Amnis up the Niger River and in a narrow strip farther along the Coast. In 856 they again came to the attention of the Mali Kingdom which was expanding and absorbing the remains of the old Ghana Empire, that Hesperia had been driven out of. A series of Border clashes ensued.
At this Point The Portus Amnisians turned for help to Hesperia, A formal treaty of Friendship, & Alliance, and Hesperian {Military Advisors} became arriving in Portus Amnis. Along with them they brought their Wives, and their Camp followers. Portus Amnis continued to expand. While Portus Amnis, continued to be formally a independent Country. More and more it was becoming a outpost of Hesperia.
Meanwhile by 950 Hesperia had two new Colonies to Expand One 400 Miles to the southeast of Portus Amnis, A growing trading center with the Kongo Tribe, at the Mouth of a Great River. The second some 800 miles to the South West of Hesperia, at the mouth of a much larger River.
HESPERIA ; Part Thirteen Colonies and Allies
When the First Hesperian exploration vessel reached Portus Amnis, They found a Small Settlement of several thousand people, with another couple thousands more in the surrounding area.
most of the Settlement was less than 25 years old, but it was several orders larger than Any of the Trading posts, Hesperia was establishing along the coast. The Merchants on the Ship Unpacked and set up shop.
Most of the Portus Amnisians were refugees, Who had been on the Wrong side when Goa lead the Islamic revolt against Hesperia. Now that contact had been reestablished They expected to be once again ruled from Roma Australis. But the Hesperian had learned the lesson of Augustus. Who following the defeat in the Black Forest, by the Germans had declared a limit to the size of Empire.
Over the next Fifty~ Sixty years Traders, Settlers, and Missionaries, arrived allowing the expansion of Portus Amnis up the Niger River and in a narrow strip farther along the Coast. In 856 they again came to the attention of the Mali Kingdom which was expanding and absorbing the remains of the old Ghana Empire, that Hesperia had been driven out of. A series of Border clashes ensued.
At this Point The Portus Amnisians turned for help to Hesperia, A formal treaty of Friendship, & Alliance, and Hesperian {Military Advisors} became arriving in Portus Amnis. Along with them they brought their Wives, and their Camp followers. Portus Amnis continued to expand. While Portus Amnis, continued to be formally a independent Country. More and more it was becoming a outpost of Hesperia.
Meanwhile by 950 Hesperia had two new Colonies to Expand One 400 Miles to the southeast of Portus Amnis, A growing trading center with the Kongo Tribe, at the Mouth of a Great River. The second some 800 miles to the South West of Hesperia, at the mouth of a much larger River.