List Political Parties of Alternate Countries
- Thread starter MrHuman
- Start date
President Al Bundy
Banned
The Independent Republic of England
The IRE is the successor state of the so-called "Union of Oceania", which existed in England from 1954 to 2002. Oceania was one of the most infamous dictatorships in history, which only came second behind Nazi Germany in terms of horror. Probably because they didn't engage in a large scale genocide against others. After the "Second Britain War", where Scotland, Cymru and Cornwall defeated Oceania with the help of the USA, the Independent Republic of England was established as the successor state.
The allies steadily established a democracy in England, and regular elections are held by now. But the parliament has only limited powers, as the "International Administrative Council for England (IACE)" holds the real power in England, determining the economic, military and foreign policy. The English parliament thus can only determine internal policies.
English Workers Party (EWP)
The EWP was created as the political organ of various trade unions, which came into existence after the fall of the Oceanic regime. Its members primarily consist of former "proles", and relatively few outer party members, largely those who had something to do with the proles. They are in favour of betting working and living conditions for labourers, as well as decreased foreign involvement in England. They are also in favour of restricting immigration, although England still isn't an attractive place for immigration.
Republican Party of England (RPE)
The RPE primarily consists of the majority of outer party members, as well as the fortunate business owners, which weren't prosecuted by the international forces after the liberation of England. While they also want increased autonomy for England, which includes an independent economic policy, the RPE wants to keep the economy as free as possible. They also want to raise the attractiveness of England for foreign investors, for example by offering very low taxes for businesses. Naturally, they are also in favour of a permissive immigration policy.
Pure Soil (PS)
Pure Soil primarily wants to "save what's left from our enviroment." They want to restrict industralisation to "reasonable" levels, while proposing a return to "mass agriculture". PS members are made up by enviromentalists, but also by luddites, due to their mildy anti-tech agenda.
English Integration Party (BIP)
The EIP is largely a liberal party, which wants to remove any "traces of big, oppressive government." But they also propose a revived "United Britain", which should reunify Scotland, Cymru, Cornwall, England as well as the Federal Republic of Ireland under one banner. They argue that an United Britain is the only way to get rid off the "damaging" English nationalism of the Oceanic era. But this party is largely a fringe movement, getting votes from the few fortunate ones, who can go to university.
National Heritage Party of England (NHPE)
The NHPE sees itself as "the party of the forcefully sidelined." They demand an immediate end of foreign occupation, and an implementation of what they call a "People's Economy". Their voter base is among lower class citizens, who were unfortunate to lose their jobs after liberation.
Party of English People's Socialism (PEPS)
The PEPS is more or less the same as the NHPE, only that they are comprised of former outer and even inner party members. Therefore, the PEPS is suspected of being a closet successor to the "IngSoc Party", which ruled over England for almost 50 years. Naturally, their activities are under strong investigation by the authorities.
Marxist-Leninist Internationalist Union of England (MLIUE)
The MLIUE pursues similar goals like the NHPE. But they propose internationalism, thus strong relationships to the Soviet Union and the various communist states in Africa. Like the EIP, they draw their voters base from the more educated people.
Anglican Reconstruction Party (ARP)
In spite of the oppression of the Anglican church under the IngSoc regime, the ARP is doing relatively well. Coupled with the revival of the Anglican church in rural England, the ARP has been steadily making a mark in the English political landscape. Unlike what their name might suggest, the party is largely in favour of reconstruction the Anglican church. They even demand to make the Anglican church the state religion, while advocating heavy oppression against what's left from catholicism, judaism, hinduism and islam. Interestingly, there is a contrast between the party leaders and its rural party base. The ARP leaders have mostly lived in the United States, and have returned to England in the wake of the liberation. Undoubtedly, the ARP has taken some cues out of the American christian right, and are now trying to implement their agenda in England.
The IRE is the successor state of the so-called "Union of Oceania", which existed in England from 1954 to 2002. Oceania was one of the most infamous dictatorships in history, which only came second behind Nazi Germany in terms of horror. Probably because they didn't engage in a large scale genocide against others. After the "Second Britain War", where Scotland, Cymru and Cornwall defeated Oceania with the help of the USA, the Independent Republic of England was established as the successor state.
The allies steadily established a democracy in England, and regular elections are held by now. But the parliament has only limited powers, as the "International Administrative Council for England (IACE)" holds the real power in England, determining the economic, military and foreign policy. The English parliament thus can only determine internal policies.
English Workers Party (EWP)
The EWP was created as the political organ of various trade unions, which came into existence after the fall of the Oceanic regime. Its members primarily consist of former "proles", and relatively few outer party members, largely those who had something to do with the proles. They are in favour of betting working and living conditions for labourers, as well as decreased foreign involvement in England. They are also in favour of restricting immigration, although England still isn't an attractive place for immigration.
Republican Party of England (RPE)
The RPE primarily consists of the majority of outer party members, as well as the fortunate business owners, which weren't prosecuted by the international forces after the liberation of England. While they also want increased autonomy for England, which includes an independent economic policy, the RPE wants to keep the economy as free as possible. They also want to raise the attractiveness of England for foreign investors, for example by offering very low taxes for businesses. Naturally, they are also in favour of a permissive immigration policy.
Pure Soil (PS)
Pure Soil primarily wants to "save what's left from our enviroment." They want to restrict industralisation to "reasonable" levels, while proposing a return to "mass agriculture". PS members are made up by enviromentalists, but also by luddites, due to their mildy anti-tech agenda.
English Integration Party (BIP)
The EIP is largely a liberal party, which wants to remove any "traces of big, oppressive government." But they also propose a revived "United Britain", which should reunify Scotland, Cymru, Cornwall, England as well as the Federal Republic of Ireland under one banner. They argue that an United Britain is the only way to get rid off the "damaging" English nationalism of the Oceanic era. But this party is largely a fringe movement, getting votes from the few fortunate ones, who can go to university.
National Heritage Party of England (NHPE)
The NHPE sees itself as "the party of the forcefully sidelined." They demand an immediate end of foreign occupation, and an implementation of what they call a "People's Economy". Their voter base is among lower class citizens, who were unfortunate to lose their jobs after liberation.
Party of English People's Socialism (PEPS)
The PEPS is more or less the same as the NHPE, only that they are comprised of former outer and even inner party members. Therefore, the PEPS is suspected of being a closet successor to the "IngSoc Party", which ruled over England for almost 50 years. Naturally, their activities are under strong investigation by the authorities.
Marxist-Leninist Internationalist Union of England (MLIUE)
The MLIUE pursues similar goals like the NHPE. But they propose internationalism, thus strong relationships to the Soviet Union and the various communist states in Africa. Like the EIP, they draw their voters base from the more educated people.
Anglican Reconstruction Party (ARP)
In spite of the oppression of the Anglican church under the IngSoc regime, the ARP is doing relatively well. Coupled with the revival of the Anglican church in rural England, the ARP has been steadily making a mark in the English political landscape. Unlike what their name might suggest, the party is largely in favour of reconstruction the Anglican church. They even demand to make the Anglican church the state religion, while advocating heavy oppression against what's left from catholicism, judaism, hinduism and islam. Interestingly, there is a contrast between the party leaders and its rural party base. The ARP leaders have mostly lived in the United States, and have returned to England in the wake of the liberation. Undoubtedly, the ARP has taken some cues out of the American christian right, and are now trying to implement their agenda in England.
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Why? I didn't do anything special.
That list is just awesome.
Maybe I should make a list of parties where Animal Farm becomes a liberal democracy.
mowque
Banned
What happened to this?
Give me a minute. Maybe I'll do one from my TL.
What part of the world has been ignored so far?
Nothing from Africa so far, or, for the matter, South America. However, if possible, see about getting any remaining former dystopian states out that we haven't already covered.
No, I meant former dystopias, i.e. Oceania above, so on.
But hey, that's fine. If you can, try to do something in South America.
The Parties of the United States of Earth, of 3012 AD (More realistic)
Workers' International Party (WIP)
The Communist party of Earth. Unlike the old parties, this is not Marxist, but Sinclairite (Some woman who revamped Communism) and is relatively strong, compared to the old Communist parties. Strong in African states. Herbert Hoover's Head (which read the Second Manifesto back in 2965) often campaigns for this party.
Social Ecologist Union (SEU)
The main left-wing party. Democratic socialist in nature, descended from the old Green Parties of pre-Unification times. Due to the increasing of global warming, this party rose in power rapidly. Al Gore's Head often campaigns for this party. Strong in relatively progressive states. India, a collection of relatively safe Social Ecologist states, is its bulwark.
Democratic Party of the Center (DPC)
Descended from the Democratic Party of the USA and other liberal parties, including the Liberals and NDP of Canada. Quite strong in Canada and America, but weak-ish elsewhere. Often just called the "Center Party". Barack Obama's Head is its main head supporter.
Religious Democratic Coalition (RDC)
A party based on conservatism and religious thought. Ronald Reagan's Head often campaigns for this party. Main right-wing party. Its essentially a Christian Democratic Party, so its leftier then its main right-wing rivals. Strong in Canada, China and Europe.
Conservative Party of Earth (CPE)
Descended from conservative parties, such as the Republican Party of America and the Conservative parties of other nations, this party is very strong in the Southern Region of the USA and in Russia and sometimes the Chinese states (which mostly lean Coalition). Margaret Thatcher's Head campaigns for this party.
Human Party of Earth (HPE)
This party is descended from the extremist right-wing parties of pre-Unification times, such as the Constitution and BNP parties. It claims to represent "humans" and attacks "xeno-scum." Often called fascist, it really pales in comparison with the next party we'll see. Eamon de Valera's Head secretly supports this party.
Earthican Dawn Party (EDP)
Now this one is extremist. It pushes for the extermination of "xeno-scum" and the invasion of the "rebel" states in Space in order to "cleanse them of filthy aliens." The Human Party of Earth often condemns this party. Yeah... Adolf Hitler's Head leads this party. Due to a recession in 3011 affecting the whole of Earth, this party gained several seats in Congress in the 3012 election, from several hard-hit states.
Workers' International Party (WIP)
The Communist party of Earth. Unlike the old parties, this is not Marxist, but Sinclairite (Some woman who revamped Communism) and is relatively strong, compared to the old Communist parties. Strong in African states. Herbert Hoover's Head (which read the Second Manifesto back in 2965) often campaigns for this party.
Social Ecologist Union (SEU)
The main left-wing party. Democratic socialist in nature, descended from the old Green Parties of pre-Unification times. Due to the increasing of global warming, this party rose in power rapidly. Al Gore's Head often campaigns for this party. Strong in relatively progressive states. India, a collection of relatively safe Social Ecologist states, is its bulwark.
Democratic Party of the Center (DPC)
Descended from the Democratic Party of the USA and other liberal parties, including the Liberals and NDP of Canada. Quite strong in Canada and America, but weak-ish elsewhere. Often just called the "Center Party". Barack Obama's Head is its main head supporter.
Religious Democratic Coalition (RDC)
A party based on conservatism and religious thought. Ronald Reagan's Head often campaigns for this party. Main right-wing party. Its essentially a Christian Democratic Party, so its leftier then its main right-wing rivals. Strong in Canada, China and Europe.
Conservative Party of Earth (CPE)
Descended from conservative parties, such as the Republican Party of America and the Conservative parties of other nations, this party is very strong in the Southern Region of the USA and in Russia and sometimes the Chinese states (which mostly lean Coalition). Margaret Thatcher's Head campaigns for this party.
Human Party of Earth (HPE)
This party is descended from the extremist right-wing parties of pre-Unification times, such as the Constitution and BNP parties. It claims to represent "humans" and attacks "xeno-scum." Often called fascist, it really pales in comparison with the next party we'll see. Eamon de Valera's Head secretly supports this party.
Earthican Dawn Party (EDP)
Now this one is extremist. It pushes for the extermination of "xeno-scum" and the invasion of the "rebel" states in Space in order to "cleanse them of filthy aliens." The Human Party of Earth often condemns this party. Yeah... Adolf Hitler's Head leads this party. Due to a recession in 3011 affecting the whole of Earth, this party gained several seats in Congress in the 3012 election, from several hard-hit states.
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The New United States
(Okay, technically not an alternate country, but with the changes that have happened to it in this TL, it might as well be.)
Formed out of the 2nd Great Depression, 2nd Dustbowl, collapse of the Republican Party, and destruction of the Electoral College, along with a host of other, sometimes extremely violent, changes to the American political landscape came a new status quote. The country now has a Three Party System, with an extremely weakened Executive, and elements of a Parliamentary System. The three parties are,
1. The Democratic Party: A centre-right party, by the new political landscape, it's a firm supporter of Ordo-Liberalism in its policies. Believing in setting the framework for markets to function in, this had been used to justify things such us Universal Healthcare legislation, but also opposition to some of the economic policies the Green Party did.
Otherwise, a socially left party, however not as much as the Green Party.
2. Constitution Party: The radical right of the American political landscape, it appeals to those who hated the radical changes that have occurred over the last couple of decades. However, it has abandoned the lassieze-faire economics of many of its predecessors, replacing it with Protectionist economics. Additionally, many previous positions on gay marriage and similar were abandoned, with its right wing social policies mainly being on abortion(pro-life) and immigration.
Despite this, "betrayal," of previous values, as it remains the only viable socially right party in the American Political Landscape.
3. The Green Party: The new left of the political landscape, they have many pieces of landmark legislation, such as the massive carbon tax that helped repair ecological damage, infrastructure programs that caused a revival of rail, and a massive overhaul of the U.S. education system that boosted the country immensely in international standing.
All of this has given them permanent status in the U.S. political landscape as a party, and has caused the entire world to move leftwards in many ways, with the example of the United States.
(Okay, technically not an alternate country, but with the changes that have happened to it in this TL, it might as well be.)
Formed out of the 2nd Great Depression, 2nd Dustbowl, collapse of the Republican Party, and destruction of the Electoral College, along with a host of other, sometimes extremely violent, changes to the American political landscape came a new status quote. The country now has a Three Party System, with an extremely weakened Executive, and elements of a Parliamentary System. The three parties are,
1. The Democratic Party: A centre-right party, by the new political landscape, it's a firm supporter of Ordo-Liberalism in its policies. Believing in setting the framework for markets to function in, this had been used to justify things such us Universal Healthcare legislation, but also opposition to some of the economic policies the Green Party did.
Otherwise, a socially left party, however not as much as the Green Party.
2. Constitution Party: The radical right of the American political landscape, it appeals to those who hated the radical changes that have occurred over the last couple of decades. However, it has abandoned the lassieze-faire economics of many of its predecessors, replacing it with Protectionist economics. Additionally, many previous positions on gay marriage and similar were abandoned, with its right wing social policies mainly being on abortion(pro-life) and immigration.
Despite this, "betrayal," of previous values, as it remains the only viable socially right party in the American Political Landscape.
3. The Green Party: The new left of the political landscape, they have many pieces of landmark legislation, such as the massive carbon tax that helped repair ecological damage, infrastructure programs that caused a revival of rail, and a massive overhaul of the U.S. education system that boosted the country immensely in international standing.
All of this has given them permanent status in the U.S. political landscape as a party, and has caused the entire world to move leftwards in many ways, with the example of the United States.
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Political parties in the Grand Empire of Ming
Since the Political Reform Act of 1769 brought by the Kangan Restoration, the Deliberative Council was set up, and to be directly elected by all Jurens - which means all those who passed the provincial level of civil examination. Due to earlier reforms, science and mathematics had already become a subject in the civil examination due to Catholic influence in the Grand Secretariat.
According to the Constitution of 1772, the Deliberative Council would be responsible for the legislative work of the empire, and would vote for vacancies of the Executive branch - the Grand Secretariat, or the Cabinet. Members of the GS would serve for a fixed term of 10 years, eligible to be reelected once, and the Grand Secretariat would elect their own leader, who would become Chief Grand Secretariat, which would later be translated as Prime Minister. The Chief Grand Secretariat would then nominate the Seven Ministers (Labor and Human Resources, Finance, Education, Military Affairs, Justice, Works, Foreign Affairs). The Daliyuan (Supreme Court) would be appointed by the emperor free of interference from the executive or legislative branch, and the Chief Justice of Daliyuan would serve until the age of 75, which normally means serving until his death.
However, upon the approval of 2/3 of all members of the Deliberative Council, the Chief Justice could possibly be sacked with an imperial assent. The unelected Censorate was appointed by the Daliyuan, to carry out supervising work on members of the Deliberative Council or the Grand Secretariat, and had the right to recommend impeachment of members of the executive and legislative branches. If approved by the Daliyuan, the Chief Justice would then advise the emperor to sack relevant people.
In 1819, following a vote in the Deliberative Council, the franchise was extended to all xiucais or shenyuans, which means all those who passed an examination on a county level. More than 1,420,000 people could vote in Deliberative Council elections. In 1827, after a constitutional amendment, more ministries were established, and the term of the Grand Secretariat would be exactly the same as the term of the Deliberative Council. At the same time, the Seven Ministers must be chosen from members of either the Grand Secretariat or the Deliberative Council. If the Grand Secretariat resigns en masse however, the Deliberative Council would be electing another Grand Secretariat. The term limits were abolished altogether.
In 1873, a constitutional crisis took place, when the dominating Donglin Movement Alliance lost its majority in the Deliberative Council, after Yung Wing and other more liberal-minded members of the DMA formed their own Minben Society. Prime Minister Chiang Si-qian refused to resign given that the Deliberative Council had no power to impeach the Grand Secretariat unless it resigned voluntarily. Yanfu Emperor, for the first time since 1835, intervened and decided to sack Chiang, claiming that he could no longer command a parliamentary majority to continue governance.
Later, a confidence motion system would be introduced during a constitutional convention. Yung Wing was then chosen by the Deliberative Council to become Prime Minister, when all opposition groups united together to elect him Prime Minister. At the same time, the Prime Minister was given the power to call snap elections with the approval of the emperor. The social democratic leaning Minben Society would introduce a series of political and social reforms, and would officially confirm the Four Teachings (Si Jiao) - Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism and Catholicism as the guiding principles of Ming. In 1877, the franchise is further extended to include those who pay a certain amount of taxes, though an attempt to introduce universal suffrage was rejected. It was not until in 1898, after the end of the First World War would Ming introduce universal man suffrage.
In 1924, the Donglin Movement Alliance was crushed in the general election, ending its 14-year-rule due to its handling of the Global Economic Earthquake. The Minben Society wins 2/3 of seats in the Deliberative Council, and convened the Constitutional Convention of 1925, granting women the right to vote despite heavy opposition from the opposition and riots followed by. The Minben Society's decision to push for land reform was met by non-cooperation by wealthy landlords, leading to severe unrest across Ming. The landlords, having a feeling that both leading parties could not protect their rights, formed the Free Democratic Party, and would be seen as the third polar of Ming politics. The Free Democrats, often conservative on social issues, would form an alliance with the elitist Donglin movement despite bad blood between the two groups, given that elitist scholars and intellectuals loathed businessmen too much.
Following the end of the Second World War in 1932, Ming expanded into the Russian Far East, but it was where the Civil Rights Movement began. The Civil Rights Act of 1945 was finally passed following race riots and unrest. Today, Ming is arguably the most powerful country in the world, along with the United States of Europe, the British Empire and the Syndicalist Confederation of American Unions (SCAU).
Donglin Movement Alliance - Arguably the earliest political grouping in Ming, it has become the dominating party of Ming since 1620, at a time when factionalism and party politics were heavily loathed among intellectuals. Nevertheless, the Donglin Movement itself was once a reformist Confucian movement led by leading intellectuals, to combat the influence of special interest groups and eunuchs.
Combining Four Teachings (Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism, Catholicism)' conservative values, the DMA is a conservative party and one of the 2 biggest parties in the grand empire. Economically, it is a centre-right party. While traditionally rejecting businessmen and argued for an agricultural-based economy, the DMA has moderated its stance towards business activities, and supports a socialist market system. It is skeptical of welfare policies, fearing that it would encourage people not to study or work. It is however against high taxes as well, claiming that high taxes means "totalitarianism". Donglin Movement Alliance is in favor of strong national defense, claiming that Ming should never surrender its national sovereignty and should take tough actions against all enemies that would threaten the lives of the people of Ming. It is also conservative on social issues, opposing abortion and gay rights. It is currently led by Lord Zhu Xiaobo from Jilin, and has 224 out of 750 seats in the Deliberative Council.
The Minben Society is a centre-left party in Ming, and one of the two biggest parties. While also officially supporting the Four Teachings, the Minben Society interprets the Four Teachings liberally, with the fusion of pacifism; socialism, arguing the importance of economic equality; and green ideologies based on "Tianren Heyi". In 2010, the Minben Society wins its first majority government since coming to power in 2006, winning 391 out of seats in the Deliberative Council. In recent years, the more liberal wing of the Minben Society has been advocating abortion rights, as well as gay rights. It argues for a fair taxation system and better social welfare, so that people could truly earn a living. It is currently led by Prime Minister Li Yiwu.
The Free Democratic Party is a right-wing neo-conservative party. It supports a small government, market economy, low taxes but at the same time the uphold of traditional values. Originally formed by landlords, the Free Democratic Party is the natural coalition partner of the Donglin movement after the right-wing shift of the Donglin movement in the 1950s. The FDP however also favors cuts in military expenses, often at odds with the Donglin movement which argues for strong national defense. It currently has 59 sesats in the Deliberative Council, and is led by Lu Jiacheng.
The People's Republican Union is a far-left syndicalist party arguing for the abolishment of monarchy, as well as Four Teachings and the socialist market system. It pushes for the establishment of a syndicalist state formed by a confederation of trade unions, and has never been accepted into any formal government. It however made huge gains in the 2010 elections, winning 40 seats in the Deliberative Council.
The Imperial Front is a far-right party arguing for the return to absolute monarchy. It is a racist party promoting hate crime against non-Han Chinese, and is very skeptical of immigration. It also supports strong national defense, as well as the imperial conquest of the world based on the thinking the the world should centre around the Emperor. It has 20 seats in the Deliberative Council.
The Democratic Socialist Party is a left wing party supporting democratic socialism, as well as the separation of religious authorities form the state. Winning 8 seats in the 2010 election, it retains its official party status despite losing 13 seats largely due to the withdrawal of radicals into the People's Republican Union, since it still won more than 1% of seats. It was in coalition with the Minben Alliance between 2006 and 2010, but refused to continue the coalition when the latter could form a majority government.
Deliberative Council elections, 2010:
Minben Society: 34.1%, 391 seats
Donglin Movement Alliance: 25.4%, 224 seats
Free Democratic Party: 10.3%, 59 seats
People's Republican Union: 12.6%, 40 seats
Imperial Front: 8.3%, 20 seats
Democratic Socialist Party: 6.6%, 8 seats
Other groups / independents: 3.7%, 8 seats
Since the Political Reform Act of 1769 brought by the Kangan Restoration, the Deliberative Council was set up, and to be directly elected by all Jurens - which means all those who passed the provincial level of civil examination. Due to earlier reforms, science and mathematics had already become a subject in the civil examination due to Catholic influence in the Grand Secretariat.
According to the Constitution of 1772, the Deliberative Council would be responsible for the legislative work of the empire, and would vote for vacancies of the Executive branch - the Grand Secretariat, or the Cabinet. Members of the GS would serve for a fixed term of 10 years, eligible to be reelected once, and the Grand Secretariat would elect their own leader, who would become Chief Grand Secretariat, which would later be translated as Prime Minister. The Chief Grand Secretariat would then nominate the Seven Ministers (Labor and Human Resources, Finance, Education, Military Affairs, Justice, Works, Foreign Affairs). The Daliyuan (Supreme Court) would be appointed by the emperor free of interference from the executive or legislative branch, and the Chief Justice of Daliyuan would serve until the age of 75, which normally means serving until his death.
However, upon the approval of 2/3 of all members of the Deliberative Council, the Chief Justice could possibly be sacked with an imperial assent. The unelected Censorate was appointed by the Daliyuan, to carry out supervising work on members of the Deliberative Council or the Grand Secretariat, and had the right to recommend impeachment of members of the executive and legislative branches. If approved by the Daliyuan, the Chief Justice would then advise the emperor to sack relevant people.
In 1819, following a vote in the Deliberative Council, the franchise was extended to all xiucais or shenyuans, which means all those who passed an examination on a county level. More than 1,420,000 people could vote in Deliberative Council elections. In 1827, after a constitutional amendment, more ministries were established, and the term of the Grand Secretariat would be exactly the same as the term of the Deliberative Council. At the same time, the Seven Ministers must be chosen from members of either the Grand Secretariat or the Deliberative Council. If the Grand Secretariat resigns en masse however, the Deliberative Council would be electing another Grand Secretariat. The term limits were abolished altogether.
In 1873, a constitutional crisis took place, when the dominating Donglin Movement Alliance lost its majority in the Deliberative Council, after Yung Wing and other more liberal-minded members of the DMA formed their own Minben Society. Prime Minister Chiang Si-qian refused to resign given that the Deliberative Council had no power to impeach the Grand Secretariat unless it resigned voluntarily. Yanfu Emperor, for the first time since 1835, intervened and decided to sack Chiang, claiming that he could no longer command a parliamentary majority to continue governance.
Later, a confidence motion system would be introduced during a constitutional convention. Yung Wing was then chosen by the Deliberative Council to become Prime Minister, when all opposition groups united together to elect him Prime Minister. At the same time, the Prime Minister was given the power to call snap elections with the approval of the emperor. The social democratic leaning Minben Society would introduce a series of political and social reforms, and would officially confirm the Four Teachings (Si Jiao) - Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism and Catholicism as the guiding principles of Ming. In 1877, the franchise is further extended to include those who pay a certain amount of taxes, though an attempt to introduce universal suffrage was rejected. It was not until in 1898, after the end of the First World War would Ming introduce universal man suffrage.
In 1924, the Donglin Movement Alliance was crushed in the general election, ending its 14-year-rule due to its handling of the Global Economic Earthquake. The Minben Society wins 2/3 of seats in the Deliberative Council, and convened the Constitutional Convention of 1925, granting women the right to vote despite heavy opposition from the opposition and riots followed by. The Minben Society's decision to push for land reform was met by non-cooperation by wealthy landlords, leading to severe unrest across Ming. The landlords, having a feeling that both leading parties could not protect their rights, formed the Free Democratic Party, and would be seen as the third polar of Ming politics. The Free Democrats, often conservative on social issues, would form an alliance with the elitist Donglin movement despite bad blood between the two groups, given that elitist scholars and intellectuals loathed businessmen too much.
Following the end of the Second World War in 1932, Ming expanded into the Russian Far East, but it was where the Civil Rights Movement began. The Civil Rights Act of 1945 was finally passed following race riots and unrest. Today, Ming is arguably the most powerful country in the world, along with the United States of Europe, the British Empire and the Syndicalist Confederation of American Unions (SCAU).
Donglin Movement Alliance - Arguably the earliest political grouping in Ming, it has become the dominating party of Ming since 1620, at a time when factionalism and party politics were heavily loathed among intellectuals. Nevertheless, the Donglin Movement itself was once a reformist Confucian movement led by leading intellectuals, to combat the influence of special interest groups and eunuchs.
Combining Four Teachings (Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism, Catholicism)' conservative values, the DMA is a conservative party and one of the 2 biggest parties in the grand empire. Economically, it is a centre-right party. While traditionally rejecting businessmen and argued for an agricultural-based economy, the DMA has moderated its stance towards business activities, and supports a socialist market system. It is skeptical of welfare policies, fearing that it would encourage people not to study or work. It is however against high taxes as well, claiming that high taxes means "totalitarianism". Donglin Movement Alliance is in favor of strong national defense, claiming that Ming should never surrender its national sovereignty and should take tough actions against all enemies that would threaten the lives of the people of Ming. It is also conservative on social issues, opposing abortion and gay rights. It is currently led by Lord Zhu Xiaobo from Jilin, and has 224 out of 750 seats in the Deliberative Council.
The Minben Society is a centre-left party in Ming, and one of the two biggest parties. While also officially supporting the Four Teachings, the Minben Society interprets the Four Teachings liberally, with the fusion of pacifism; socialism, arguing the importance of economic equality; and green ideologies based on "Tianren Heyi". In 2010, the Minben Society wins its first majority government since coming to power in 2006, winning 391 out of seats in the Deliberative Council. In recent years, the more liberal wing of the Minben Society has been advocating abortion rights, as well as gay rights. It argues for a fair taxation system and better social welfare, so that people could truly earn a living. It is currently led by Prime Minister Li Yiwu.
The Free Democratic Party is a right-wing neo-conservative party. It supports a small government, market economy, low taxes but at the same time the uphold of traditional values. Originally formed by landlords, the Free Democratic Party is the natural coalition partner of the Donglin movement after the right-wing shift of the Donglin movement in the 1950s. The FDP however also favors cuts in military expenses, often at odds with the Donglin movement which argues for strong national defense. It currently has 59 sesats in the Deliberative Council, and is led by Lu Jiacheng.
The People's Republican Union is a far-left syndicalist party arguing for the abolishment of monarchy, as well as Four Teachings and the socialist market system. It pushes for the establishment of a syndicalist state formed by a confederation of trade unions, and has never been accepted into any formal government. It however made huge gains in the 2010 elections, winning 40 seats in the Deliberative Council.
The Imperial Front is a far-right party arguing for the return to absolute monarchy. It is a racist party promoting hate crime against non-Han Chinese, and is very skeptical of immigration. It also supports strong national defense, as well as the imperial conquest of the world based on the thinking the the world should centre around the Emperor. It has 20 seats in the Deliberative Council.
The Democratic Socialist Party is a left wing party supporting democratic socialism, as well as the separation of religious authorities form the state. Winning 8 seats in the 2010 election, it retains its official party status despite losing 13 seats largely due to the withdrawal of radicals into the People's Republican Union, since it still won more than 1% of seats. It was in coalition with the Minben Alliance between 2006 and 2010, but refused to continue the coalition when the latter could form a majority government.
Deliberative Council elections, 2010:
Minben Society: 34.1%, 391 seats
Donglin Movement Alliance: 25.4%, 224 seats
Free Democratic Party: 10.3%, 59 seats
People's Republican Union: 12.6%, 40 seats
Imperial Front: 8.3%, 20 seats
Democratic Socialist Party: 6.6%, 8 seats
Other groups / independents: 3.7%, 8 seats
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Remember that Nixon wasn't as right-wing as we think he was. The Tories are quite right-wing. I would pin Nixon down as either Centrist or Religious Democrat.So would Nixon's head support the CPE?
Yay, this thread is back again! I had this in progress the last time it went away, so I finished it.
United States of America
From my “Under the Eagle Flag” TL. Long story short, the United States had a very bad nineteenth century. By 1866, a decade of chaos had torn the old Union apart: the South had seceded, a military coup by hardline Unionist officers had sparked a civil war in the North, and the western territories had degenerated into warlordism. In 1866, leaders of the two factions claiming to be the legitimate government of what remained of the United States agreed to end the civil war and write a new constitution together. Independence Hall in Philadelphia hosted a second constitutional convention.
The document produced by the National Convention differed in many ways from the first Constitution. It established a unicameral legislature, called the Senate, reduced the power of the president significantly, and strictly limited the sovereignty of the states. As decades passed, the United States came to resemble a parliamentary system more and more; the First Secretary of the Senate became the most powerful leader in the government, Cabinet secretaries were increasingly drawn from the ranks of Senators, and the president’s power grew more limited with each passing Senate. The so-called Reform Senate of 1901 codified many of these changes with a slate of constitutional amendments: the presidency was reduced to a mostly ceremonial head of state, the First Secretary became known as the Premier, and the Cabinet became entirely responsible to the Senate rather than the President. Today, the United States is a federal senatorial republic. A senatorial republic operates a lot like a parliamentary republic, but Americans never call it that (seriously, don’t call it that). One quirk of the American system left over from the First Union (as historians call the pre-1866 period) is that this United States has far greater diversity in state governments than OTL. Most western states admitted after 1866, and states where the reform movements of the early twentieth century were especially strong like Minnesota and Wisconsin, have state governments modeled on the federal one. But many eastern states retain governments with bicameral legislatures and strong Governors.
Political Parties of the United States
Progressive Labor Party: The major left-wing party, and the youngest of the major parties, the Progressive Labor Party was founded in 1924 by a merger of the old U.S. Labor Party and the progressive faction of the Republican Party. Originally called the Progressive and Labor Party, it adopted its current name in 1931. The PLP was the ruling party for much of the twentieth century, holding Senate majorities in every election from 1958 to 1994. It has traditionally favored social-democratic policies, and during its “Long Majority,” it passed universal health care, expanded free education programs, and rebuilt affordable housing in the cities as part of its postwar “New Society” platform. In the last years of the “Long Majority,” though, the economy slowed and dissatisfaction with high taxes and regulation brought about the PLP’s massive electoral defeat it 1994, when it lost over 50 seats in the Senate and briefly became the country’s third party. In the wilderness between 1994 and 2010, the PLP suffered numerous leadership struggles and lost many members to breakaway factions. But the unequal character of economic growth under the more pro-business parties made the PLP the largest party in the Senate in 2006, and it returned to a majority in 2010 after the fall of a minority government in the wake of a stock market crash and insider-trading scandal in which several Cabinet ministers were implicated.
Today, the PLP presents itself as the defender of the traditional welfare state (not a bad word ITTL’s America), the party of a level playing field and equal opportunity for all, and the champions of ordinary workers against business interests. The party tends to be relatively socially traditional, since it relies on electoral support and grassroots organization from unions and working-class voters (many of whom are Catholics, close to 50% of the US population ITTL). In foreign affairs, the PLP has traditionally favored “peace through strength” in the Americas while remaining on good terms with all powers in Europe.
The current leader of the PLP, and current Premier of the United States, is Joseph Brennan of Pennsylvania.
Republican Party: The leading conservative party, the Republican Party traces its lineage back to the War of Secession-era Liberty Party of William Seward and Charles Sumner through the Unionist side of the Civil Wars commanded by John C. Fremont and Philip Kearny. The Republicans tended to be the majority party from the adoption of the new constitution in 1866 until the 1930’s. During that time they refined a sort of state-capitalist approach to government, favoring a strong federal government in regards to law and order, infrastructure development, and foreign policy but pursuing a hands-off approach to regulating business. In many ways that mindset continues to influence the Republicans today: they wish to reduce some of the excesses of the welfare state, and in power in the 1990’s and 2000’s they reduced taxes, introduced work-for-welfare laws, and deregulated some businesses while favoring a strong military and a more aggressively hegemonic approach in dealing with the Southern republics. The Republicans tend to be the most enthusiastic supporters of the USA’s traditional alliances with France and Russia, and they at times still indulge in anti-British jingoism.
The Republicans were the leading opposition party during the PLP’s Long Majority, and they returned to power in 1994 promising to implement economic reforms to bring the country out of stagnation. Their initial attempt to implement “shock therapy” to deregulation and free trade actually made the economic situation worse, and they only retained a majority in 1998 by a single vote in the Senate thanks to infighting in the PLP. After that the economy did grow, though, leading to an increased majority in 2002 before an economic slowdown caused them to slip narrowly behind the PLP in number of Senate seats in 2006. The Republicans continued to lead the government, though, since no party had a majority and the PLP could not come up with enough coalition partners to surpass the Republican-CU partnership—leading to the first minority government in American history. This coalition was always uneasy, and it fractured over a financial scandal in 2008 that caused the incumbent Premier not to seek re-election. The scandal sank the Republicans’ chances in 2010, and they returned to opposition. The current leader of the Republican Party is Senator Jane Harley of Indiana—the first woman to lead a major party in the United States.
Constitutional Union Party: The leading right-wing/classical liberal party, the CU is descended from the Constitutionalist side of the Civil War, the supporters of deposed President David Wilmot and the Northern Democrats. The CU also claims descent from those who opposed ratification of the 1866 constitution, the former Federalist Party (a party that obviously chose its name to confuse future generations of schoolchildren), which the CU absorbed in the 1870’s. The CU has generally favored keeping the post-1866 United States as close to the pre-1856 United States as possible (no one favors keeping the United States the way it was between 1856 and 1866, when it was not really a nice place). It favored local autonomy, small government, and free enterprise. It was never as vehemently anti-British and anti-Confederate as the Republicans, and it is no coincidence that periods of CU government tended to be the periods of the best North-South relations. But with the rise of first the Labor Party and later the PLP, the CU faded into irrelevance after about 1930. The last CU-led government fell in 1926, and (with the exception of a wartime all-party coalition from 1952-55) it did not participate in the government again until 2006.
The present-day CU is the most reactionary major party. It is staunchly against government intervention in business and it wants to reduce the size of government significantly. It even numbers among its ranks individuals (considered crackpots by the mainstream of both larger parties) who want to completely dismantle the welfare state. But it also tends to be mostly socially libertarian, and it has come to strongly oppose military adventurism overseas. Since the end of the PLP Long Majority, the CU has undergone a minor resurgence, especially in the western states where its social libertarianism plays well. The current leader of the CU is Senator Dan Fasenko, of the western state of Yellowstone (roughly, OTL Montana).
Minor Parties Represented in the Current Senate
New Democracy Party: An avowedly socialist party that split off from the PLP in the 1990’s, when leftist party members felt the PLP was making too many compromises with pro-capitalist ideology during its period in the wilderness. The NDP won 25 Senate seats in the 1998 election, turning many urban districts from the PLP, but it has declined precipitously since then. Its obsession with leftist ideological purity is widely blamed for costing the PLP its chance to form the government in 2006, when it refused to join a coalition with the “deviationist” PLP. The NDP subsequently lost over half its remaining Senate seats in 2009. It is now mostly a party fashionable among college students.
Christian Democratic Party: A minor party left over the early days of the labor movement in the USA, the CDP was formed as a “Christian Socialist” alternative to the atheistic or non-religious socialist and labor parties of the 1890’s and 1900’s. The CDP tends to draw support from liberal Protestants, especially in New England. It has never been consistently represented in the Senate but it often picks up a few seats when voters are especially unhappy with the larger parties.
The Current Senate (312 members elected to represent single-member constituencies; instant runoff voting is in use; each state is entitled to a minimum of two senators).
1. Progressive Labor Party…161 seats (sole party in majority government)
2. Republican Party…107 seats (main opposition)
3. Constitutional Union Party…35 seats
4. New Democracy Party…6 seats
[FONT="]5. Christian Democratic Party…3 seats[/FONT]
United States of America
From my “Under the Eagle Flag” TL. Long story short, the United States had a very bad nineteenth century. By 1866, a decade of chaos had torn the old Union apart: the South had seceded, a military coup by hardline Unionist officers had sparked a civil war in the North, and the western territories had degenerated into warlordism. In 1866, leaders of the two factions claiming to be the legitimate government of what remained of the United States agreed to end the civil war and write a new constitution together. Independence Hall in Philadelphia hosted a second constitutional convention.
The document produced by the National Convention differed in many ways from the first Constitution. It established a unicameral legislature, called the Senate, reduced the power of the president significantly, and strictly limited the sovereignty of the states. As decades passed, the United States came to resemble a parliamentary system more and more; the First Secretary of the Senate became the most powerful leader in the government, Cabinet secretaries were increasingly drawn from the ranks of Senators, and the president’s power grew more limited with each passing Senate. The so-called Reform Senate of 1901 codified many of these changes with a slate of constitutional amendments: the presidency was reduced to a mostly ceremonial head of state, the First Secretary became known as the Premier, and the Cabinet became entirely responsible to the Senate rather than the President. Today, the United States is a federal senatorial republic. A senatorial republic operates a lot like a parliamentary republic, but Americans never call it that (seriously, don’t call it that). One quirk of the American system left over from the First Union (as historians call the pre-1866 period) is that this United States has far greater diversity in state governments than OTL. Most western states admitted after 1866, and states where the reform movements of the early twentieth century were especially strong like Minnesota and Wisconsin, have state governments modeled on the federal one. But many eastern states retain governments with bicameral legislatures and strong Governors.
Political Parties of the United States
Progressive Labor Party: The major left-wing party, and the youngest of the major parties, the Progressive Labor Party was founded in 1924 by a merger of the old U.S. Labor Party and the progressive faction of the Republican Party. Originally called the Progressive and Labor Party, it adopted its current name in 1931. The PLP was the ruling party for much of the twentieth century, holding Senate majorities in every election from 1958 to 1994. It has traditionally favored social-democratic policies, and during its “Long Majority,” it passed universal health care, expanded free education programs, and rebuilt affordable housing in the cities as part of its postwar “New Society” platform. In the last years of the “Long Majority,” though, the economy slowed and dissatisfaction with high taxes and regulation brought about the PLP’s massive electoral defeat it 1994, when it lost over 50 seats in the Senate and briefly became the country’s third party. In the wilderness between 1994 and 2010, the PLP suffered numerous leadership struggles and lost many members to breakaway factions. But the unequal character of economic growth under the more pro-business parties made the PLP the largest party in the Senate in 2006, and it returned to a majority in 2010 after the fall of a minority government in the wake of a stock market crash and insider-trading scandal in which several Cabinet ministers were implicated.
Today, the PLP presents itself as the defender of the traditional welfare state (not a bad word ITTL’s America), the party of a level playing field and equal opportunity for all, and the champions of ordinary workers against business interests. The party tends to be relatively socially traditional, since it relies on electoral support and grassroots organization from unions and working-class voters (many of whom are Catholics, close to 50% of the US population ITTL). In foreign affairs, the PLP has traditionally favored “peace through strength” in the Americas while remaining on good terms with all powers in Europe.
The current leader of the PLP, and current Premier of the United States, is Joseph Brennan of Pennsylvania.
Republican Party: The leading conservative party, the Republican Party traces its lineage back to the War of Secession-era Liberty Party of William Seward and Charles Sumner through the Unionist side of the Civil Wars commanded by John C. Fremont and Philip Kearny. The Republicans tended to be the majority party from the adoption of the new constitution in 1866 until the 1930’s. During that time they refined a sort of state-capitalist approach to government, favoring a strong federal government in regards to law and order, infrastructure development, and foreign policy but pursuing a hands-off approach to regulating business. In many ways that mindset continues to influence the Republicans today: they wish to reduce some of the excesses of the welfare state, and in power in the 1990’s and 2000’s they reduced taxes, introduced work-for-welfare laws, and deregulated some businesses while favoring a strong military and a more aggressively hegemonic approach in dealing with the Southern republics. The Republicans tend to be the most enthusiastic supporters of the USA’s traditional alliances with France and Russia, and they at times still indulge in anti-British jingoism.
The Republicans were the leading opposition party during the PLP’s Long Majority, and they returned to power in 1994 promising to implement economic reforms to bring the country out of stagnation. Their initial attempt to implement “shock therapy” to deregulation and free trade actually made the economic situation worse, and they only retained a majority in 1998 by a single vote in the Senate thanks to infighting in the PLP. After that the economy did grow, though, leading to an increased majority in 2002 before an economic slowdown caused them to slip narrowly behind the PLP in number of Senate seats in 2006. The Republicans continued to lead the government, though, since no party had a majority and the PLP could not come up with enough coalition partners to surpass the Republican-CU partnership—leading to the first minority government in American history. This coalition was always uneasy, and it fractured over a financial scandal in 2008 that caused the incumbent Premier not to seek re-election. The scandal sank the Republicans’ chances in 2010, and they returned to opposition. The current leader of the Republican Party is Senator Jane Harley of Indiana—the first woman to lead a major party in the United States.
Constitutional Union Party: The leading right-wing/classical liberal party, the CU is descended from the Constitutionalist side of the Civil War, the supporters of deposed President David Wilmot and the Northern Democrats. The CU also claims descent from those who opposed ratification of the 1866 constitution, the former Federalist Party (a party that obviously chose its name to confuse future generations of schoolchildren), which the CU absorbed in the 1870’s. The CU has generally favored keeping the post-1866 United States as close to the pre-1856 United States as possible (no one favors keeping the United States the way it was between 1856 and 1866, when it was not really a nice place). It favored local autonomy, small government, and free enterprise. It was never as vehemently anti-British and anti-Confederate as the Republicans, and it is no coincidence that periods of CU government tended to be the periods of the best North-South relations. But with the rise of first the Labor Party and later the PLP, the CU faded into irrelevance after about 1930. The last CU-led government fell in 1926, and (with the exception of a wartime all-party coalition from 1952-55) it did not participate in the government again until 2006.
The present-day CU is the most reactionary major party. It is staunchly against government intervention in business and it wants to reduce the size of government significantly. It even numbers among its ranks individuals (considered crackpots by the mainstream of both larger parties) who want to completely dismantle the welfare state. But it also tends to be mostly socially libertarian, and it has come to strongly oppose military adventurism overseas. Since the end of the PLP Long Majority, the CU has undergone a minor resurgence, especially in the western states where its social libertarianism plays well. The current leader of the CU is Senator Dan Fasenko, of the western state of Yellowstone (roughly, OTL Montana).
Minor Parties Represented in the Current Senate
New Democracy Party: An avowedly socialist party that split off from the PLP in the 1990’s, when leftist party members felt the PLP was making too many compromises with pro-capitalist ideology during its period in the wilderness. The NDP won 25 Senate seats in the 1998 election, turning many urban districts from the PLP, but it has declined precipitously since then. Its obsession with leftist ideological purity is widely blamed for costing the PLP its chance to form the government in 2006, when it refused to join a coalition with the “deviationist” PLP. The NDP subsequently lost over half its remaining Senate seats in 2009. It is now mostly a party fashionable among college students.
Christian Democratic Party: A minor party left over the early days of the labor movement in the USA, the CDP was formed as a “Christian Socialist” alternative to the atheistic or non-religious socialist and labor parties of the 1890’s and 1900’s. The CDP tends to draw support from liberal Protestants, especially in New England. It has never been consistently represented in the Senate but it often picks up a few seats when voters are especially unhappy with the larger parties.
The Current Senate (312 members elected to represent single-member constituencies; instant runoff voting is in use; each state is entitled to a minimum of two senators).
1. Progressive Labor Party…161 seats (sole party in majority government)
2. Republican Party…107 seats (main opposition)
3. Constitutional Union Party…35 seats
4. New Democracy Party…6 seats
[FONT="]5. Christian Democratic Party…3 seats[/FONT]
The United Technocracy of Japan
In this world, the British Empire, worried by the rise of Japan in Eastern Asia, support the Russians when they go to war with Japan. The war ends with the signing of the Treaty of Pyongyang and Japan is forced to give up its holdings in China and the Pacific along with massive reparations to Russia. This causes an uproar among the ultra-nationalist right as they saw the Japanese surrender as a betrayal of their national ideals and an invasion of Japanese sovereignty. Said uproar is translated into electoral results with the ultra-nationalist Imperial Japanese Party gaining 275 of the 390 seats in the lower house of the Diet in the elections of 1912. However, their reign was short-lived as the Little Depression hit the world in 1917, following the Great War, causing the Japanese economy to nose-dive and unemployment to soar. Despite their best attempts, the Imperial Japanese government is unable to do much to recover the economy and their strong majority held since 1912, collapses and is forced to accept offers by the National People's Party and the United Democrats to form a coalition government. They are able to hold onto power after the 1921 elections and by the 1925 elections, the Imperial Japanese Party was a junior party of the coalition with the National People's Party taking its place as the senior member of the coalition.
Just as the Japanese economy begins to recover from the Little Depression and as a semblance of normality begins to return, the world plunges into the Great Depression in 1927 and the Japanese Empire is once again in economic depression. However, the party to take advantage advantage of this was the National Technocratic Party who advocated for "rational economic and social policies" with promises to not only get Japan out of the depression, but to ensure that Japan never gets into economic depression ever again. It's popularity skyrocketed as charismatic speakers began spreading word of the party all over the country along with propaganda and political publications praising the National Technocrats as the way forward. This pays off very well for the National Technocrats as they sweep the lower house of the Diet in a landslide, gaining 391 of the 455 seats with the only other party getting seats being the Social Democratic Labour Party and the Progressive Reform Party.
The National Technocratic Party launched a series of industrial and economic reforms throughout the 1930s, including new regulations for industry, limited social welfare programs and a symbolic, powerless Labor Ministry. During this time period, the Progressive Reform and Social Democratic Labour parties unite to form to Progressive Democratic Party and it quickly assumes the role of the main opposition party and it does manage to gain a majority in the House of Representatives, though power remained firmly with the National Techocrats. The National Technocrats manage to keep the nation out of the Pacific War and provided aid to Kuomintang and in the 1960s, crushed an attempt by the Soviet-backed Communist Workers' Party to overthrow the government and adopted a clear anti-communist stance (While still accepting democratic socialism).
As of 2012, the National Technocrats have held onto power for the last 11 years, with was preceded by several years of Progressive rule. However, their popularity is slipping with the Progressive alliance, comprising of the Progressive Democrats and the Social Labour Union make large gains in the polls along with the Traditional Values party, a far-right xenophobic party that protests the legalization of soft drugs, same sex marriage as well as the legislating of anti-hate speech laws and equal rights for ethnic minorities by the National Tecnocrats that saw opposition to such laws as "irrational" and passed said legislature with Progressive support.
Parties represented in the House of Representatives
National Technocratic Party
According to the National Technocrats, the government should be made up of people who have the necessary skills and expertise to run the country and as such, National Technocratic administrations usually have actual scientists in the National Science Ministry and actual economists and financiers in the Ministry of Finance. Meritocracy is also embraced, with emphasis on results and qualifications being key to success. The National Technocrats have recently swung from being a mainly ordoliberal party to one that advocates for form of decentralized planning alongside a regulated market economy following the example of the Union of Nordic Technates as they have used supercomputers to plan their own economy for the last 12 years with only minor problems so far. They are extremely libertarian on social issues and were the main driving force behind the legalization and decriminalization of soft and hard drugs respectively, viewing imprisonment of drug addicts as unfavorable and instead, pushing for intense rehabilitation programs and have also passed devolution for Korea and Formosa, creating autonomous legislative bodies as well as giving them a degree of self-rule. Currently, the National Technocrats have a slim majority in the House of Representatives and are becoming ever more unpopular following the passing of several pieces of legislature that have gained the ire of many citizens
Progressive Democratic Party
The Progressive Democratic Party was formed as a result of the Progressive Reform and Social Democratic Labour parties unifying following the landslide victory of the National Technocrats in the elections of 1930. Espousing a social democratic platform, the Progressive Democrats have pushed for the enlargement of the social welfare programs, the creation of a universal healthcare act as well a mixed economy where both private and public entities are able to direct the course of the economy along with the redistribution of wealth via taxation and other methods in order to make society more just and equal. The Progressive Democrats have supported National Technocratic bills on social issues but have moved to distance themselves on economic issues. Currently, they're the largest centre-left opposition party and the senior member of the Progressive Alliance.
Social Labour Union
The Social Labour Union was formed when the Socialist Labour caucus broke off from the Progressive Democratic Party in 1985. The Social Labour Union argues that the current system of property ownership is an obstacle to establishing a truly equal society. As such, they reject the idea of a few people controlling key industries and instead, espouse democratic control of the means of production by the workers themselves with everyone being able to vote on important issues and participate in debates on such matters. Their social policy differs from prefecture to prefecture, with rural branches being more conservative than those in urban areas. However, as a whole, the Social Labour Union agrees with the social policy of the Progressive Democrats.
Traditional Values Party
Formed in 1963, as the National Tecnocrats began passing new, socially liberal laws, the Traditional Values Party is extremely right-wing and xenophobic, arguing for limitations of immigration from other parts of the country (mainly Korea and Formosa) in order to "sustain Japan's purity". Extremely conservative, they enjoy a great deal of support in some rural prefectures, though their support outside of the Home Islands is almost non-existent, to say the least. They have joined the National Technocrats in coalition governments in the past,though they have since distanced themselves since the Rationalist faction took control of the National Technocratic Party and expelled much of its social conservative wing. They enjoy limited support and as economic conditions continue to improve, their surge in popularity is beginning to wane with voters going to either one of the two major parties as social issues begin to fall by the wayside. Economically, the Traditional Values party is a protectionist, conservative party and while it advocates for less regulations at home, it calls for more taxation and substantial levies and tariffs on products imported from outside Japan and have sponsored various programs to encourage consumers to use locally manufactured products.
The House of Representatives (610 seats)
National Technocratic Party - 311
Progressive Democratic Party - 190
Social Labour Union - 73
Traditional Values Party - 29
Independents - 7
In this world, the British Empire, worried by the rise of Japan in Eastern Asia, support the Russians when they go to war with Japan. The war ends with the signing of the Treaty of Pyongyang and Japan is forced to give up its holdings in China and the Pacific along with massive reparations to Russia. This causes an uproar among the ultra-nationalist right as they saw the Japanese surrender as a betrayal of their national ideals and an invasion of Japanese sovereignty. Said uproar is translated into electoral results with the ultra-nationalist Imperial Japanese Party gaining 275 of the 390 seats in the lower house of the Diet in the elections of 1912. However, their reign was short-lived as the Little Depression hit the world in 1917, following the Great War, causing the Japanese economy to nose-dive and unemployment to soar. Despite their best attempts, the Imperial Japanese government is unable to do much to recover the economy and their strong majority held since 1912, collapses and is forced to accept offers by the National People's Party and the United Democrats to form a coalition government. They are able to hold onto power after the 1921 elections and by the 1925 elections, the Imperial Japanese Party was a junior party of the coalition with the National People's Party taking its place as the senior member of the coalition.
Just as the Japanese economy begins to recover from the Little Depression and as a semblance of normality begins to return, the world plunges into the Great Depression in 1927 and the Japanese Empire is once again in economic depression. However, the party to take advantage advantage of this was the National Technocratic Party who advocated for "rational economic and social policies" with promises to not only get Japan out of the depression, but to ensure that Japan never gets into economic depression ever again. It's popularity skyrocketed as charismatic speakers began spreading word of the party all over the country along with propaganda and political publications praising the National Technocrats as the way forward. This pays off very well for the National Technocrats as they sweep the lower house of the Diet in a landslide, gaining 391 of the 455 seats with the only other party getting seats being the Social Democratic Labour Party and the Progressive Reform Party.
The National Technocratic Party launched a series of industrial and economic reforms throughout the 1930s, including new regulations for industry, limited social welfare programs and a symbolic, powerless Labor Ministry. During this time period, the Progressive Reform and Social Democratic Labour parties unite to form to Progressive Democratic Party and it quickly assumes the role of the main opposition party and it does manage to gain a majority in the House of Representatives, though power remained firmly with the National Techocrats. The National Technocrats manage to keep the nation out of the Pacific War and provided aid to Kuomintang and in the 1960s, crushed an attempt by the Soviet-backed Communist Workers' Party to overthrow the government and adopted a clear anti-communist stance (While still accepting democratic socialism).
As of 2012, the National Technocrats have held onto power for the last 11 years, with was preceded by several years of Progressive rule. However, their popularity is slipping with the Progressive alliance, comprising of the Progressive Democrats and the Social Labour Union make large gains in the polls along with the Traditional Values party, a far-right xenophobic party that protests the legalization of soft drugs, same sex marriage as well as the legislating of anti-hate speech laws and equal rights for ethnic minorities by the National Tecnocrats that saw opposition to such laws as "irrational" and passed said legislature with Progressive support.
Parties represented in the House of Representatives
National Technocratic Party
According to the National Technocrats, the government should be made up of people who have the necessary skills and expertise to run the country and as such, National Technocratic administrations usually have actual scientists in the National Science Ministry and actual economists and financiers in the Ministry of Finance. Meritocracy is also embraced, with emphasis on results and qualifications being key to success. The National Technocrats have recently swung from being a mainly ordoliberal party to one that advocates for form of decentralized planning alongside a regulated market economy following the example of the Union of Nordic Technates as they have used supercomputers to plan their own economy for the last 12 years with only minor problems so far. They are extremely libertarian on social issues and were the main driving force behind the legalization and decriminalization of soft and hard drugs respectively, viewing imprisonment of drug addicts as unfavorable and instead, pushing for intense rehabilitation programs and have also passed devolution for Korea and Formosa, creating autonomous legislative bodies as well as giving them a degree of self-rule. Currently, the National Technocrats have a slim majority in the House of Representatives and are becoming ever more unpopular following the passing of several pieces of legislature that have gained the ire of many citizens
Progressive Democratic Party
The Progressive Democratic Party was formed as a result of the Progressive Reform and Social Democratic Labour parties unifying following the landslide victory of the National Technocrats in the elections of 1930. Espousing a social democratic platform, the Progressive Democrats have pushed for the enlargement of the social welfare programs, the creation of a universal healthcare act as well a mixed economy where both private and public entities are able to direct the course of the economy along with the redistribution of wealth via taxation and other methods in order to make society more just and equal. The Progressive Democrats have supported National Technocratic bills on social issues but have moved to distance themselves on economic issues. Currently, they're the largest centre-left opposition party and the senior member of the Progressive Alliance.
Social Labour Union
The Social Labour Union was formed when the Socialist Labour caucus broke off from the Progressive Democratic Party in 1985. The Social Labour Union argues that the current system of property ownership is an obstacle to establishing a truly equal society. As such, they reject the idea of a few people controlling key industries and instead, espouse democratic control of the means of production by the workers themselves with everyone being able to vote on important issues and participate in debates on such matters. Their social policy differs from prefecture to prefecture, with rural branches being more conservative than those in urban areas. However, as a whole, the Social Labour Union agrees with the social policy of the Progressive Democrats.
Traditional Values Party
Formed in 1963, as the National Tecnocrats began passing new, socially liberal laws, the Traditional Values Party is extremely right-wing and xenophobic, arguing for limitations of immigration from other parts of the country (mainly Korea and Formosa) in order to "sustain Japan's purity". Extremely conservative, they enjoy a great deal of support in some rural prefectures, though their support outside of the Home Islands is almost non-existent, to say the least. They have joined the National Technocrats in coalition governments in the past,though they have since distanced themselves since the Rationalist faction took control of the National Technocratic Party and expelled much of its social conservative wing. They enjoy limited support and as economic conditions continue to improve, their surge in popularity is beginning to wane with voters going to either one of the two major parties as social issues begin to fall by the wayside. Economically, the Traditional Values party is a protectionist, conservative party and while it advocates for less regulations at home, it calls for more taxation and substantial levies and tariffs on products imported from outside Japan and have sponsored various programs to encourage consumers to use locally manufactured products.
The House of Representatives (610 seats)
National Technocratic Party - 311
Progressive Democratic Party - 190
Social Labour Union - 73
Traditional Values Party - 29
Independents - 7